6.2.1 Amines

Question 1

what are amines

Answer 1

organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH3) where 1 or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced by a carbon chain or ring

Question 2

what are aliphatic amines

Answer 2

where the N is attached to at least 1 straight or branched carbon chain, an alkyl chain R

Question 3

what are aromatic amines

Answer 3

where the N is attached to an aromatic ring, an aryl group Ar

Question 4

where do you find amines

Answer 4

commonly occur in nature and have many effects on the body- e.g. serotonin as a neurotransmitter

Question 5

how can amines be classified

Answer 5

• primary: where the N has one carbon, alkyl or aryl, group attached to it, NH2 (R)
• secondary: where the N has two carbons attached to it, NH (R, R’)
• tertiary: where the N has 3 carbons attached to it, N (R,R’,R’’)

Question 6

how do you name primary amines

Answer 6

• if the NH2 is present qat the end of a chain, can use suffix -amine to the name of the alkyl chain attached to, e.g. CH3H2NH2 would be ethylamine
• if the NH2 is attached to any other carbon other than carbon-1, can use prefix amino , e.g. CH3CHNH2CH2CH3 is 2-aminobutane

Question 7

how do you name secondary and tertiary amines

Answer 7

• ## if containing the same alkyl group, can use prefixes di- and tri-, e.g. (CH3)2NH = dimethylamine