6.2 Positive and Negative Elements of Social Interaction Part 3 Flashcards
What are the four components that reflect the principles of bureaucracy?
- efficiency
- calculability
- predictability
- control
What is the Iron Law of Oligarchy?
revolutionary organizations become less revolutionary as their organizational structures develop and become entranched
What is mere presence?
most basic level of interaction between individuals; when people are simply in each other’s presence
What is the social facilitation effect?
phenomenon that describes how people tend to perform simple, well-learned tasks better when other people are present while difficult, novel tasks are performed more poorly in front of other people
What is deindividualism?
an explanation of people’s uncharacteristic behavior when situations provide a high degree of arousal and low sense of responsibility
What are the factors that allow for deindividualism to occur?
- group size
- physical anonymity
- arousing activities
What is the bystander effect?
a person is less likely to provide help when there are other bystanders
What is social loafing?
phenomenon where people tend to exert less effort if they are being evaluated as a group than if they are individually accountable
What is group polarization?
tendency for groups to intensify the preexisting views of their members
What are the two reasons group polarization occurs?
- informational influence
- normative influence
What is informational influence?
most common ideas to emerge are the ones that favor the dominant viewpoint persuading others to take a stronger stance to the viewpoint in a group
What is normative influence?
based on social desirability; wanting to be accepted or admired by others
What is groupthink?
phenomenon in which the desire for group harmony results in an easy consensus, even if the final decision is not the best one
What are the four symptoms that clue to the presence of groupthink?
- group is overly optimistic about its abilities
- group becomes extreme by justifying its own decisions
- mindguarding occurs
- pressure to conform exists
What is mindguarding?
when dissenting opinions are prevented from permeating a group by filtering out information that goes against group beliefs
