62 - 92 Flashcards
red blood cell purpose
carry oxygen
white blood cell purpose
destroy pathogens
platelets purpose
clot the blood
plasma def
liquid part of the blood
what happens in coronary heart disease
layers of fatty material build up blocking the coronary arteries, narrowing them
effects of coronary heart disease (2)
lack of oxygen and less respiration
stents purpose
keep coronary arteries open
statins purpose
reduces chloresterol levels, slowing down deposite of fatty materials
what replaces faulty heart valves (2)
biological and mechanical valves
treatment for heart failure (2)
artifical heart and heart transplants
non comunicable desease def
diseases not transmittable and not caused by pathogens
3 examples of non communicable disease
heart cancer, diabetes, cancer
risk factors linked with increasing chance of getting disease (4)
Obesity - type 2 diabetes
Smoking - lung cancer?disease
Diet, excersise - cardiovascular
Carcinogens - cancer
cancer is caused by…
changes in the cells causing uncontrolled growth and division
benign tumours
surrounded by membrane
do not invade other parts of the body
malignant tumour cells
cancers and spread to other parts of body forming secondary tumours
plant tissues inside the leaf (7)
epidermal tissues, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, xylem, phloem and stomata surrounded by guard cells
how are roots adapted (3)
root hair cells to increase surface area
uptake of water by osmosis
uptake of mineral ions by active transport
what does the stomata and the guard cell control in the leaf
gas exchange and water loss
describe the phloem transport
translocation - transports dissolved sugar up and down plant
describe xylem transport
transportation of water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves
transpiration def
loss of water at leaves by evaporation
what are communicable diseases spread by
pathogens
what are pathogens
microorganisms that cause disease
e.g. of pathogens (4)
bacteria, viruses, fungi, protists
how does bacteria make us ill
reproduce inside body and produce toxins
how do viruses make us ill
reproduce inside cells and cause damage
viral disease examples in animals (2)
hiv and measles
viral disease example in plants
tobacco mosaic virus
bacterial diseases examples (2)
salmonella and gonorrhoea
what is rose black spot disease
fungal disease in plants
what is malaria caused by
mosquito acting as protist
