38-61 Flashcards
what are cells refered to as
building blocks off living organisms
tissue def
group of similar cells working together
organ def
a group of different tissues working together
organ system def
a group of different organs working together.
what do the organs work together to do in the digestive system
digest and absorb nutrients
enzymes are biological…
ands are …
catalysts, specialized proteins
describe the enzyme function
lock and key
what does a substrate bind to
active site on an enzyme
what happens to the enzyme when denatured
changes shape, active site no longer fits
what causes enzymes to denature (2)
high temp and wrong ph
What do carbohydrase enzymes break down carbohydrates into
simple sugars
what does amylase break into sugars
starch
what do lipase break down and what do they turn into (3)
fat, fatty acids, glycerol
protease break down protein into what
amino acids
wheres bile made and stored in
liver, gall bladder
purpose of bile (2)
neutralise substances from sto,ach and helps emulsify fats
what does iodine test for and what colour does it go when present/ not
starch
present - blue black
not - yellow
what does benedicts test for and what colour does it go when present/ not
sugar
present - brick red
not - blue
what does biuret reagent test for and what colour does it go when present/ not
protein
present - purple
not - blue
what does ethanol test for and what colour does it go when present/ not
fats
present - cloudy
not - clear
what is the circulatary sytem made of
(4)
arteries, veins, capillaries and the heart
what are arteries specialised with
thick elastic walls and a small lumen
how thick are the capillary walls and what does this mean
one cell thick, so there is a short distance for diffusion
what 3 things do veins have
valves, thinner and less elastic walls and a larger lumen
name the 7 things that construct the main structure of the heart
the aorta, vena cava, pulmonary artery,
pulmonary vein, valves, atria and ventricles
what is heart rate is controlled by
a group of cells that act as a pacemaker
where are the pacemaker cells located
right atrium
