6.1.4 - Amines

Question 1

How to name primary amines

Answer 1

NH2 at end of chain = ___ amine
NH2 not at end = amino___ e.g 2-aminobutane

Question 2

How to name secondary and tertiary amines

Answer 2

e.g N-ethyl-N-methylpropylamine

or if same alkyl group then e.g dimethylamine

Question 3

Why do amines behave as bases?

Answer 3

lone pair on N can accept proton to form dative covalent bond

Question 4

Reaction and conditions for formation of primary amine

Answer 4

haloalkane + NH3 -> primary amine + e.g NH4Cl
conditions: in ethanol, NH3 in excess, add NaOH after
NB: intermediate (alkyl ammonium salt) formed first

Question 5

Why is excess NH3 used to form primary amines?

Answer 5

to reduce further substitutions of amine group to secondary + tertiary amines

Question 6

Reaction for formation of secondary amine

Answer 6

haloalkane + primary amine -> secondary amine + e.g NH4Cl

Question 7

Reaction and conditions for formation of phenylamine

Answer 7

nitrobenzene + 6[H] -> phenylamine + 2H2O
conditions: heat under reflux with Sn + HCl, then add NaOH
intermediate: phenylammonium ion