4.1 - Basic concepts of organic

Question 1

Define homologous series

Answer 1

series of organic compounds with same functional group but each successive member differing by CH2

Question 2

Define functional group

Answer 2

group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

Question 3

Define aliphatic

Answer 3

C atoms joined in unbranched/branched chains, or non-aromatic rings

Question 4

Define alicyclic

Answer 4

aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic ring, with/without branches

Question 5

Define aromatic

Answer 5

contains a benzene ring

Question 6

Define alkyne

Answer 6

contains at least 1 triple C-C bond

Question 7

Define molecular formula

Answer 7

shows number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 8

Define empirical formula

Answer 8

simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 9

Define structural isomer

Answer 9

compounds with same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 10

Define homolytic fission

Answer 10

each covalently bonding atom receives 1 electron from bonded pair, forming 2 radicals

Question 11

Define heterolytic fission

Answer 11

1 covalently bonding atom receives both electrons from the bonded pair

Question 12

Define radical

Answer 12

species with an unpaired electron

Question 13

What do curly arrows show?

Answer 13

movement of an electron pair
(heterolytic fission or formation of covalent bond)