4.1 - Basic concepts of organic

Question 1

Define homologous series

Answer 1

series of organic compounds with same functional group but each successive member differing by a CH2

Question 2

Define functional group

Answer 2

part of molecule largely responsible for a molecule’s chemical properties

Question 3

Define aliphatic

Answer 3

C atoms joined in unbranched/branched chains, or non-aromatic rings

Question 4

Define alicyclic

Answer 4

aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic ring, with/without branches

Question 5

Define aromatic

Answer 5

contains a benzene ring

Question 6

Define alkyne

Answer 6

contains at least 1 triple C-C bond

Question 7

Define molecular formula

Answer 7

shows number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 8

Define empirical formula

Answer 8

simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 9

Define structural isomer

Answer 9

compounds with same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 10

Define homolytic fission

Answer 10

each of covalently bonded atoms takes 1 shared electron, forming 2 radicals

Question 11

Define heterolytic fission

Answer 11

1 covalently bonded atom takes both the electrons
1 becomes negative and other becomes positive ion