6.1.2 Carbonyl Compounds

Question 1

Oxidation of aldehydes

Answer 1

Refluxed with acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4)

Question 2

What reactions do carbonyl compounds readily undergo

Answer 2

Nucleophilic addition

Question 3

Methods of nucleophilic addition for carbonyl compounds

Answer 3

NaBH4 in aqueous solution as a reducing agent
Or HCN and sulfuric acid

Question 4

Possible nucleophiles for nucleophilic addition of carbonyl groups

Answer 4

NaBH4 = H-
HCN = CN-

Question 5

What is formed from reaction between NaBH4 and a carbonyl

Answer 5

Alcohol

Question 6

What is formed from the reaction between NaCN/H+ and a carbonyl

Answer 6

Hydroxynitrile

Question 7

How to test for carbonyl compounds

Answer 7

Add Brady’s reagent, yellow/orange precipitate will form in presence of carbonyl group

Question 8

How to distinguish between an aldehyde and ketone

Answer 8

Add Tollen’s reagent (solution of silver nitrate in aqueous ammonia), silver mirror produced in presence of aldehyde group