6 - Visual Perception

Question 1

7 steps of visual perception

Answer 1

environmental stimulus

light is reflected and transformed

receptor processes

neural processing

perception

recognition

action

Question 2

neural processing

Answer 2

interactions between the signals travelling in the networks of neurons in the retina

Question 3

what is the dorsal pathway

Answer 3

extending to the posterior parietal cortex

involved in processing motion, depth and spatial infor

Question 4

what is the ventral pathway

Answer 4

extending to the inferior temporal cortex

concerned with form and colour
visual areas may also be involved in higher cognitive functions e.g. working memory and visual imagery

Question 5

what is computer vision (CV)

Answer 5

the field of research and category of applications concerned with teaching machines to see

uses AI algorithms to process visual info from cameras

Question 6

what was Helmholtz’s theory

Answer 6

unconscious inference

Question 7

Likelihood principle

Answer 7

we perceive the object that is most likely to have caused the proximal stimulus

Question 8

what are physical regularities

Answer 8

regularly occurring physical properties of the environment

Question 9

what are semantic regularities

Answer 9

characteristics associated with the functions carried out in different types of scenes

Question 10

what is a scene schema

Answer 10

the knowledge of what a given scene ordinarily contains

Question 11

the estimation of the probability of a given outcome is influenced by 2 factors

Answer 11

the prior probability (initial belief about probability of outcome)

the likelihood of a given outcome