6. Pathology of Mouth & Esophagus Flashcards
Oral pathology: what problems did we cover?
- infectious diseases
- benign and malig lesions
- salivary gland neoplasms
Esophageal pathology: what did we cover?
- congenital and acquired conditions
- Reflux esophagitis
- Barrett esophagus
- malignant tumors
what are the most common infections of the oral cavity?
- Herpes (HSV1 and 2)
- CMV
- Fungal (candida, aspergillus, mucor)
Fungal infections of the oral cavity: which are superficial, which are deeper?
Candida is superficial
Aspergillus and Mucor are deep (they are angioinvasive)
what does a herpetic vesicle look like on histo?
edema, cells within the edematous space, disorganized

what does a herpetic ulcer look like on histo?
(ulcer = erupted herpetic vesicle)
granulation tissue (L side of pic) abutting squamous cell epithelial hyperplasia (R side of pic).

what are the 3 M’s of HSV infection on histo?
Multinucleation, Margination, nuclear Molding
what cells are infected by HSV?
epithelial cells
what do the 3 M’s actually mean (histo of HSV)?
- Multinucleation: self-explanatory
- Margination: the nuclear chromatin is pushed to the margin/edge of the nucleus
- nuclear Molding: the nuclei are fitted together, squished together

HSV: the viral inclusions are where?
intra-nuclear
CMV: viral inclusions are where?
both intra-nuclear and cytoplasmic

CMV: what do the infected cells look like?
owl-eye cells, big in size (at least 2x RBCs), particles in cytoplasm

CMV: infects what types of cells?
epithelial and mesenchymal/stromal
Candida: what is unique about its presence in the mouth?
it can be scraped off, unlike leukoplakia
Candida: appearance on biopsy?
fungal pseudohyphae are perpendicular to squamous cell layer. image she gave looks like red confetti.

Candida infection ulceration: appearance of tongue scraping on histo?
lots of pink, can see budding yeast forms (linear) and also pseudohyphae

Oral candida is most likely to occur in what patients?
immunosuppressed (post-transplant, diabetes, HIV+)
Aspergillus: characteristics of the fungus? deep or superficial infection?
hyphal forms only
septate hyphae, 45 deg angle branching
deeper infection due to angioinvasion

Mucormycosis: characteristics of the fungus? deep or superficial infection?
hyphal forms only
broad, bulbous, non-septate hyphae, right angle branching
deeper infection due to angioinvasion

Pyogenic granuloma: wtf is it? what pts does it typically occur in?
lesion of the oral cavity. benign, may regress, may progress to fibroma. occurs in young, sometimes associated with pregnancy

pyogenic granuloma: how is it described pathologically? can it be resected?
description: lobular capillary hemangioma w surface ulceration.
looks edematous, can see surface breakage on histo
can be surg resected, won’t recur
what is an aphthous ulcer? what does it look like?
oral cavity lesion: donut/annular shaped, edematous ring with sunken center.
Aphthous ulcer: prognosis? sx? associated with what?
will resolve on its own, painful, occurs on lip/tongue most commonly. associated with stress
hairy leukoplakia: occurs in what patients?
immunocompromised: post-transplant, chemo, HIV+




