6. Organic molecules (ISOMERISM)

Question 1

Define what is meant by an isomer

Answer 1

Molecules which have the same molecular formula but differ in the way there atoms are arranged (their structural formula)

Question 2

What are the 2 types of isomers

Answer 2

Structural isomers
Sterioisomers

Question 3

What are the the 3 types of structural isomers

Answer 3

Chain isomers
Positional isomers
Functional group isomers

Question 4

Describe what is meant by a chain isomer

Answer 4

Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different skeletal formula
eg: 2-methylhexane and 3,3dimethylpentane are both chain isomers of C7H16

Question 5

Describe what is meant by a positional isomer

Answer 5

Compounds with same molecular formula but different position of functional group
eg: Butan-1-ol and Butan-2-ol

Question 6

Describe what is meant by a functional group isomer

Answer 6

Molecules with same molecular formula but with different functional groups

Question 7

When do we use E and Z isomers instead of cis and trans

Answer 7

Use E and Z when there is different groups attached to C=C

Question 8

When is an E isomer used compared to a Z isomer

Answer 8

E is when the highest atomic number chains are on the same side of the C=C bond. Z is when they are on ze zame zide
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