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Child Health Week 2 2017/18 > 6: Nutrition > Flashcards

6: Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Why is nutrition essential?

A

Growth and development

Energy for metabolism

Immune system

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2
Q

What drives growth in the

a) infant
b) child
c) pubertal stages of growth?

A

a) Nutrition

b) Growth hormone

c) Sex hormones

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3
Q

What is the estimated average requirement?

A

Median line on a bell curve of nutritional intake vs number of people, i.e the average energy requirement of a population

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4
Q

What value of nutritional intake is 2 standard deviations above the estimated average requirement and is sufficient for 97% of the population?

A

Reference nutrient intake

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5
Q

What is the reference nutrient intake for protein?

A

12.7g to 14.5g

from 4 to 18 months respectively

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6
Q

Most infants (do / don’t) exceed their estimated average requirement for energy intake.

What is a consequence of this?

A

do exceed it

meaning they gain weight > obesity

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7
Q

Where is Vitamin A acquired in the diet?

A

Cheese

Eggs

Yoghurt

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8
Q

Where is Vitamin C acquired in the diet?

A

Oranges

Blackcurrants

Potatoes

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9
Q

How is Vitamin D acquired?

A

Sunlight

Oily fish

Eggs

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10
Q

Who should take Vitamin D supplements?

A

Children not on formula milk

Breastfeeding mothers

Virtually everyone else in Scotland

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11
Q

What is the reference nutrient intake for sodium?

A

280mg - 500mg

from 4 months to 18 months respectively

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12
Q

Most infants (fall below / exceed) the RNI for sodium.

A

exceed

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13
Q

How many portions of oily fish should children eat per week?

A

1 / week

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14
Q

What is the physical activity guideline for children 0-5 years?

A

At least 3 hours (180 mins) per day

(if child is capable of walking)

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15
Q

What is the physical activity guideline for children aged 5 - 18 years old?

A

> 60 mins physical activity / day

at least 3 days

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16
Q

What is the physical activity guideline for adults?

A

> 30 mins of physical activity

at least 5 days a week

17
Q

For how long should infants be breastfed?

A

First six months of life

18
Q

What should be used as a breast milk substitute only if required?

Can it replace breast milk?

A

Infant formula

No, not as nutritionally complete

19
Q

What is weaning?

A

Moving on from exclusively milk to foods

20
Q

Why is weaning necessary?

A

At > 6 months breast milk alone doesn’t satisfy infant’s dietary requirements

Also their iron stores are depleted

21
Q

What is the minimum age you should wean your child?

What is the recommended age?

A

4 months

6 months

22
Q

When should cow’s milk be introduced to a child’s diet?

Which type?

A

12 months

Full fat

23
Q

When can

semi-skimmed milk

skimmed milk

be introduced to a child’s diet?

A

2 years

5 years

24
Q

The first foods you give to a child during weaning should be free of what and high in what?

A

Free of gluten

High in iron

25
Q

Foods which a child may potentially be allergic to should be introduced (all at once / individually).

A

individually

26
Q

When weaning a child, the foods you given them should be (high / low) in salt and sugar.

A

low in salt and sugar

27
Q

How often should a child be fed

a) between 6 and 8 months
b) after 9 months?

A

a) 2 - 3 times a day

b) 3 - 4 times a day

28
Q

What are the four areas of development?

A

Gross motor

Fine motor and vision

Language and hearing

Social interaction and play

29
Q

What’s better - formula milk or breast milk?

Why?

A

Contains all them nutrients

Immunological components

Growth factors

30
Q

What social factors are associated with poor growth?

A

Deprivation

Neglect

31
Q

Exposure to which chemicals:

a) reduce dental caries risk
b) increase dental caries risk?

A

a) Fluoride

b) Sugar

32
Q

Children who are obese tend to be ___ in adulthood.

A

obese

33
Q

Children who are deprived tend to be ___ earlier than those who aren’t.

A

weaned

Child Health Week 2 2017/18 (7 decks)

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