6: Neurologic Infectious Diseases - Friedgood Flashcards
spinal taps can be done
anywhere below L2
epidemic meningitis in schools/army camps is usually
meningococcus bacterial meningtitis
s/s bacterial meningitis
- chills fever headache
- neck pain stiffness
- altered mental state
- seizures
- petechial rash
if question of meningitis, give CSF tap _____ treating with antibiotics
before
most common bacterium causing community acquired bacterial meningitis
s. pneumonia
30-50%
20-45% fatality rate
bacterial v. viral v. fungal v. TB
CNS infections
bacteria have increase polys, increased prtn and decreased glucose
viral has increased monos, normal prtn and glucose
fungal has mixed cells, increased prtn, decreased glucose, INDIA INK STAIN
TB, mixed, increased increased prtn, decreased glucose, ACID FAST stain
direct infection of spinal cord
myelitis
infection of brain itself
encephalitis
usually a virus - herpes ans west nile virus symptomatically
describe poliomyelitis
- enterovirus
- 1st acute infection in GI
- later flaccid paralysis attacking alpha motor neurons
- occasional brain involvement
- post polio syndrome 30-40 yr later
treatment for herpes simplex encephalitis
often temporal lobe
treat with acyclovir, steroids, anticonvulsants
progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy PML
- slowly progressive infection with demyelination and demention
- activation of the latent JC virus we are all carying
- associated with taking Tysabri
most common brain fungal infection
cryptoccoccus
spirochete infections
- lyme neuroborreliosis
- neurosyphilis
bulls eye rash on skin
borrelia burgdorferi
erythema migrans, facial n. palsy, meningoencephalitis, neuropathy
neurosyphilis
treponema pallidum
tabes dorsalis, meningoencephalitis
positive romberg sign
