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WSET 4: D4 - Sparkling Wines Nov2024 > 6 Loire Valley > Flashcards

6 Loire Valley Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the three main sparkling wine appellations in the Loire

A
  • Crémant de Loire
  • sparkling Vouvray
  • sparkling Saumur
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2
Q

Name the account of sparkling wine of all Loire appellations

A

13%

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3
Q

How has the size of the vineyard area for Crémant changed?

A

it has increased form 1.600ha (2012) to 2.100ha (2017)

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4
Q

How much Crémant producers are located at the Loire?

A

about 500 producers

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5
Q

What is the average annual Crémant production of the last 5 years?

A

112.00hl

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6
Q

Where are the grapes for the Crémant production grown?

A

in the middle Loire district of Anjou-Saumur and Touraine

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7
Q

Where is the main part of the grapes for Crémant grown?

A

south and south-west of Samur

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8
Q

Name the different soil types in the Crémant area

A
  • clay-limestone
  • flint-clay
  • sand
  • gravel
  • tuff
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9
Q

Which soil type is present in Anjou?

A

schist and limestone

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10
Q

Which soil is present in Touraine?

A

chalk

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11
Q

Name the grape varieties allowed for Crémant de Loire

A
  • Chenin Blanc (major part of most wines)
  • Cabernet Franc
  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Grolleau Noir
  • Grolleau Gris
  • Pineau d’Aunis
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12
Q

Why are the vines pruned for a higher crop load?

A

the base wine do not request a high level of fruit concentration

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13
Q

Which is the maximum allowed yield?

A

74hl/ha

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14
Q

When has the producers declare to produce Crémant?

A

in July

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15
Q

Which is the most common type of press for Crémant de Loire?

A

pneumatic press

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16
Q

In which vessel is the base wine typically fermented?

A

in stainless steel tanks

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17
Q

Is MLC processed for Crémant de Loire?

A

full, part and no MLC is done, depending on the required style

18
Q

What is the minimum time on lees?

A

9 month

19
Q

Which main facts are covered in the AOC regulation?

A
  • grape varieties
  • yield
  • time on lees
20
Q

Describe the term “Prestige de Loire”

A
  • new top tier sparkling Loire category
  • launched in 2018 (with wines dating back to 2010)
  • the aim is a minimum price of 20€ in France
    applied in the appellations Crémant de Loire, Anjou, Saumur and Vouvray
  • defined grape varieties (Chenin Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir)
  • minimum of 24 month of lees aging
  • vintage-dated
  • Brut style (including Brut Nature, Extra Brut)
  • sustainable viticulture
21
Q

How is the production of Crémant de Loire divided (producer, co-operatives and merchants)?

A
  • 19 merchant houses
  • 10 co-operatives
  • 400 producers
22
Q

How much of the production size is account to the 9 largest houses?

A

80%

23
Q

How is the export rate of Crémant de Loire?

A

50% is exported

24
Q

Which are the main export markets?

A
  • Germany
  • USA
  • UK
25
Q

What is the ratio of sparkling to still wine in Samour and Vouvray mousseux?

A

60 sparkling : 40 still

26
Q

How much Saumur Mousseux has been produced in the last 5 years?

A

10,6 million bottles from around 1.300ha

27
Q

What is the minimum amount of Chenin Blanc in Saumur Mousseux?

A

60%

28
Q

What is the maximum amount of Sauvignon Blanc in Saumur Mousseux?

A

10%

29
Q

What is the minimum amount of Cabernet Franc in Rosé in Saumur Mousseux?

A

60%

30
Q

What is the maximum amount of Sauvignon Blanc in Rosé Saumur Mousseux?

A

10%

31
Q

What is the minimum time between triage and release for Saumur and Vouvray Mousseux?

A

12 month

32
Q

How much juice can be extracted form 130km grapes?

A

100l

33
Q

Which is the main grape variety for Saumur and Vouvray Mousseux?

A

Chenin Blanc

34
Q

Which second grape variety is also allowed for Vouvray Mousseux?

A

Orbois (must be the minority of the blend)

35
Q

How much Vouvray Mousseux has been produced in the last 5 years?

A

8,2 million bottles from around 1.200ha

36
Q

Which other sparkling wines are also produced in Vouvray Mousseux?

A
  • Vouvray Pétillant (light sparkling)
  • Pet Nat (growing fashion)
37
Q

How much bigger is the crop load for Saumur and Vouvray Mousseux than for still wine?

A

20% bigger than for still wines

38
Q

What is the maximum yield for Vouvray Mousseux?

A

65hl/ha

39
Q

What is the maximum yield for Saumur Mousseux?

A

67hl/ha

40
Q

How can still wine producer produce sparkling wines in Saumur and Vouvray Mousseux?

A

they bring the bulk base wine to a specialist for second fermentation, lees aging and disgorgement

41
Q

Why is the production of Saumur and Vouvray an attractive option for growers?

A

the yield for sparkling is higher than for still wine

WSET 4: D4 - Sparkling Wines Nov2024 (21 decks)

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