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WSET 4: D4 - Sparkling Wines Nov2024 > 12 Franciacorta > Flashcards

12 Franciacorta Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the Franciacorta area located

A
  • Lombardy in central northern Italy
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2
Q

Which are the main grape varieties for Franciacorta?

A
  • Chardonnay (75%)
  • Pinot Noir
  • Pinot Blanco (little)
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3
Q

Describe the style of Franciacorta

A
  • aromas of ripe apple and peach
  • prominent biscuit autolytic notes
  • medium alcohol
  • medium (+) acidity
  • very good or outstanding quality
  • premium priced
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4
Q

How is the DOC for still white and red wines in the Franciacorta area called?

A

DOC Curtefranca

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5
Q

Describe the climate conditions of the Franciacorta region

A
  • mostly surrounded by low hills and Lake Iseo at the northern boundary
  • warm continental with moderating influence
  • cool air in summer from the Alps
  • moderating effect on daily and seasonal temperature ranges from Lake Iseo
  • spring frost can be an issue
  • adequate rainfall (50% of it in autumn and winter)
  • grapes ripen regularly while retaining acidity
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6
Q

When is the regularly harvest time?

A

second half of August into September (thereby avoiding autumn rain

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7
Q

How many soil types are present in the Franciacorta region

A

6

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8
Q

Which aromas are added from the different types of soil?

A

they add:

  • floral notes
  • dried fruit notes
  • spicy notes
  • vegetal notes
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9
Q

Name the different vine training systems used in the Franciacorta region

A
  • cordon training with spur pruning
  • replacement-cane pruning (Guyot)

heavy cropping training systems (e.g. pergola and Geneva Double Curtain) are now prohibited

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10
Q

Name the minimum planting density in the Franciacorta region

A

minimum 4.500 plants/ha

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11
Q

How many estates are organic?

A
  • 75%

- region aspires to be 100% organic

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12
Q

How is the production split between growers and co-operatives?

A
  • very few growers (nearly all grapes are estate grown)

- no co-operatives

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13
Q

How are the regulations for pressing?

A
  • white wines must be whole bunch pressed (ensure high-quality juice and low phenolics)
  • Pinot Noir for rosé and red can be destemmed
  • maximum pressing yield is 65hl/ha
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14
Q

How is the must mostly fermented?

A
  • in stainless steel tanks to preserve primary fruit aromas
  • for “Millesimato and Riserva wines” old oak is sometimes used to add complexity
  • MLC is used and not used
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15
Q

Do the producer use reserve wines?

A
  • small producer do seldom us reserve wines

- larger producer do use reserve wines

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16
Q

Why is the vintage often not be labelled?

A

due to the long required time on the lees

17
Q

How is the second fermentation be performed

A

traditional method

18
Q

Name the different styles of Franciacorta

A
  • Non-vintage
  • Satèn
  • Rosé
  • Millesimato
  • Riserva
19
Q

Name the different time on lees required by the regulation

A
  • Non-vintage: 18 month
  • Satèn: 24 month
  • Rosé: 24 month
  • Millesimato: 30 month
  • Riserva: 60 month
20
Q

Name the facts of a Non-vintage Franciacorta

A
  • typically Chardonnay and Pinot Noir blends (up to 50% Pinot Blanco)
  • minimum of 18 month on the lees
  • in reality often made form a single vintage
21
Q

Name the facts of a Satèn Franciacorta

A
  • only white grapes (in practice mostly 100% Chardonnay
  • minimum of 24 month on the lees
  • slightly less sugar at triage (resulting in not more than 5bar pressure)
  • only Brut style
22
Q

Name the facts of a Rosé Franciacorta

A
  • minimum of 35% Pinot Noir
  • mostly blends of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
  • colour form Pinot Noir can be extracted from direct pressing or maceration on skins
  • blending with red wine is also permitted
  • minimum of 24 month on the lees
23
Q

Name the facts of a Millesimato Franciacorta

A
  • vintage wines
  • minimum of 85% of the vintage
  • minimum of 30 month on the lees
24
Q

Name the facts of a Riserva Franciacorta

A
  • millesimato wines

- minimum of 60 month on the lees

25
Q

Which PDO status has Franciacorta?

A

DOCG

26
Q

How is domestic consumption and the export split?

A
  • 90% domestic consumption

- 10% export

27
Q

Which are the main export countries?

A
  • Switzerland
  • Japan
  • Germany
  • USA (account around 60%)
28
Q

How is the production size divided?

A

production is divided between three large companies (one-third of production) and many medium and small-sized estates

WSET 4: D4 - Sparkling Wines Nov2024 (21 decks)

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