6. Grammar: Complex grammar Flashcards
Q1: What word is used to contrast two ideas within the same sentence and requires a subject + verb?
Q1: What word is used to contrast two ideas within the same sentence and requires a subject + verb?
A1: Although / Even though (Although she was tired, she kept working.)
Q2: What is a less formal version of “Although”?
Q2: What is a less formal version of “Although”?
A2: Though (I don’t like coffee, though I drink it sometimes.)
Q3: What structure requires a noun or gerund (-ing) to show contrast?
Q3: What structure requires a noun or gerund (-ing) to show contrast?
A3: Despite / In spite of (Despite the bad weather, we went outside
Q4: What conjunction do we use to contrast two completely different ideas?
Q4: What conjunction do we use to contrast two completely different ideas?
A4: Whereas / While (She loves sports, whereas her brother prefers reading.)
Q5: What connective word is used to contrast ideas in separate sentences?
Q5: What connective word is used to contrast ideas in separate sentences?
A5: However (She studied hard. However, she failed the exam.)
Q7: What prepositions do we use to express cause before a noun?
Q7: What prepositions do we use to express cause before a noun?
A7: Due to / Because of (The match was postponed due to bad weather.)
Q6: What subordinating conjunctions do we use to explain the cause of something?
Q6: What subordinating conjunctions do we use to explain the cause of something?
A6: Because / Since / As (Since it was late, we left the party.)
Q8: What is a formal alternative to “Due to”?
Q8: What is a formal alternative to “Due to”?
A8: Owing to (Owing to technical issues, the meeting was delayed.)
Q9: What adverbs indicate a logical result in a separate sentence?
Q9: What adverbs indicate a logical result in a separate sentence?
A9: Therefore / Thus / Hence (He didn’t study; therefore, he failed.)
Q10: How can we indicate a consequence using a transition phrase?
Q10: How can we indicate a consequence using a transition phrase?
A10: As a result / Consequently (He was careless. As a result, he made mistakes.)
Q11: What conjunctions do we use to express a condition?
Q11: What conjunctions do we use to express a condition?
A11: If / Unless (If you study, you will pass the exam.)
Q12: What conditional conjunctions can we use for specific conditions?
Q12: What conditional conjunctions can we use for specific conditions?
A12: Provided that / As long as (You can go out as long as you finish your work.)
Q14: How do we indicate a precaution with a condition?
Q14: How do we indicate a precaution with a condition?
A14: In case (Take an umbrella in case it rains.)
Q13: How do we express an imaginary or hypothetical condition?
Q13: How do we express an imaginary or hypothetical condition?
A13: Supposing that / Imagine that (Supposing that you win the lottery, what would you do?)
Q16: What structure do we use to emphasize two ideas with inversion?
Q16: What structure do we use to emphasize two ideas with inversion?
A16: Not only… but also (Not only does she speak English, but she also speaks French.)
Q15: What structure do we use to express a strict condition?
Q15: What structure do we use to express a strict condition?
A15: On condition that (You can borrow my car on condition that you return it by 6 PM.)
Q18: What structure do we use to add extra details with a noun or gerund?
Q18: What structure do we use to add extra details with a noun or gerund?
A18: In addition to (In addition to being talented, she is very disciplined.)
Q17: What adverbs do we use to add information in a formal style?
Q17: What adverbs do we use to add information in a formal style?
A17: Besides / Moreover / Furthermore (She is smart. Moreover, she is hardworking.)
Q19: What phrase do we use to add extra details in an informal style?
Q19: What phrase do we use to add extra details in an informal style?
A19: What’s more (He arrived late. What’s more, he forgot his notes.)
Q20: What structure do we use to emphasize a negation with inversion?
Q20: What structure do we use to emphasize a negation with inversion?
A20: Never / Rarely / Seldom + auxiliary + subject + verb (Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.)
Q21: What structure do we use to emphasize a sudden change of action?
Q21: What structure do we use to emphasize a sudden change of action?
A21: Hardly / Scarcely / No sooner… than (Hardly had I arrived when the phone rang.)
Q22: What structure do we use to emphasize when something happens?
Q22: What structure do we use to emphasize when something happens?
A22: Only after / Only when / Only if (Only after the meeting did I understand the problem.)
Q23: How do we emphasize surprise or lack of knowledge with inversion?
Q23: How do we emphasize surprise or lack of knowledge with inversion?
A23: Little did + subject + verb (Little did he know that he was being recorded.)
Q24: What structures do we use to indicate a purpose or intention?
Q24: What structures do we use to indicate a purpose or intention?
A24: In order to / So that (She left early in order to catch the bus.)
Q26: What structure do we use to compare two equal elements?
Q26: What structure do we use to compare two equal elements?
A26: As… as (She is as tall as her brother.)
Q27: What structure do we use to compare superiority or inferiority?
Q27: What structure do we use to compare superiority or inferiority?
A27: More / Less / Fewer… than (This test is more difficult than the last one.)
Q28: How do we express that one thing affects another in correlation?
Q28: How do we express that one thing affects another in correlation?
A28: The… the (The more you practice, the better you get.)
