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Fundamentals of Esthetics > 6. General A&P > Flashcards

6. General A&P Flashcards

0
Q

What is myology?

A

The study of the nature, structure, function of diseases of the muscles.

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1
Q

Describe mandible.

A

The largest and strongest bone of the face. Lower jaw bone.

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2
Q

What are the three parts of a muscle?

A

Origin, belly and insertion.

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3
Q

What is the orbicularis oculi?

A

The muscle that enables you to close your eyes. Surrounds the eye.

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4
Q

What is another name for striated?

A

Voluntary muscles that can be controlled by will.

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5
Q

Describe epicranius.

A

The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull.

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6
Q

What includes a nucleus, organelle, cytoplasm and cell membrane?

A

Principle parts of a cell.

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7
Q

What is anabolism?

A

A process in which the body stores water, food and oxygen building up larger molecules from smaller ones. Cell growth and repair.

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8
Q

What is metabolism?

A

The chemical process that turns fuel into energy: anabolism and catabolism.

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9
Q

What do cells need in order to grow and thrive?

A

Proper temperature, eliminate waste products, and adequate food and water.

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10
Q

What is protoplasm?

A

A colorless, jelly like substance in which food elements and water are present.

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11
Q

Where is the nucleus located? What important role does it play?

A

In the center of the cell. Important role: reproduction.

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12
Q

Define cytoplasm.

A

All of the protoplasm of a cell except that which is in the nucleus. The watery fluid containing food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction and repair.

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13
Q

What is the lower jawbone, which is the largest and strongest bone of the face?

A

Mandible

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14
Q

What is another name for adipose tissue? What does it do?

A

Fat. Gives smoothness and contour to the body.

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15
Q

Define catabolism.

A

When compounds are broken down into smaller ones.

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16
Q

What is tissue?

A

Collection of similar cells that perform a particular function.

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17
Q

What is epithelial?

A

Protective covering on the body’s surface. Skin, mucous membranes, lining of the heart, digestion and respiratory glands.

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18
Q

What are supinators?

A

Muscles that rotate the radius outward and the palm upward.

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19
Q

What are biceps?

A

Muscles that produce the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm. Lifts forearms and flex at elbow.

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20
Q

What is a pectoralis?

A

Muscles of the chest that assist the swinging movement of the arm.

21
Q

The external maxillary artery is also known as___________.

A

Facial artery.

22
Q

What are flexors?

A

Muscles that flex the wrists.

23
Q

What are extensors?

A

Muscles that straighten the wrists.

24
Q

What is an abductor?

A

Muscle that separates the fingers.

25
Q

What is connective tissue?

A

Supports, protects and binds together other tissues of the body.

26
Q

What are organs?

A

Structures of the body that are designed to accomplish a specific function.

27
Q

What are systems?

A

Groups of organs that cooperate for a common purpose, namely the welfare of the entire body.

28
Q

Skin is another name for the ______________.

A

Integumentary system.

29
Q

Bones are another name for the ____________.

A

Skeletal system.

30
Q

Where is the frontal bone located?

A

Forehead.

31
Q

What is maxillae?

A

The bones of the upper jaw (maxillary).

32
Q

What is the humerus?

A

The largest bone in the upper arm.

33
Q

Occipital is the ____________.

A

The back of the skull.

34
Q

What is stimulated by massage, heat, and chemicals?

A

Muscular tissue.

35
Q

What is platysma?

A

A broad muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin. It is responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip.

36
Q

The stomach and intestines are called the __________________.

A

Digestive system.

37
Q

Frontalis is the ______________.

A

The front portion of the epicranius. It is the scalp muscle that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward and causes wrinkles across the forehead.

38
Q

How many bones make up the cranium?

A

8

39
Q

Parietal are the bones that _________________.

A

Make the side of the cranium above the ear.

40
Q

Temporal are the bones that ________________.

A

Are on the side of the cranium in front of the ear.

41
Q

Corrugator is the ___________.

A

The muscle located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi. It draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically.

42
Q

What is the masseter?

A

One of the muscles of the jaw used in chewing.

43
Q

Epicranial aponeurosis is a _______________.

A

Tendon that connects occipitalis and frontalis.

44
Q

What does the sternocleidomastoid muscle do?

A

The muscle that rotates and depresses the head as in nodding. Extending alongside along the side of the neck from the ear to the collarbone.

45
Q

The is the deltoid?

A

Large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to the side of the body.

46
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

A

Protective covering on body surfaces.

47
Q

What is a nerve?

A

Whitish cord made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue through which impulses are transmitted. Controls and coordinates all body functions.

48
Q

Blood supply is another name for what system?

A

Circulatory.

49
Q

What is mitosis?

A

Cell reproduction: cell divides into two identical cells called daughter cells.

50
Q

What happens during catabolism?

A

The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones, often resulting in the release of energy to perform functions such as muscular efforts, secretions, or digestion.

Fundamentals of Esthetics (6 decks)

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