6 diagnosis & classification

Question 1

what are the 5 methods of classifying caries?

Answer 1

extent
cavitation
activity
site
location

Question 2

what extent is D1?

Answer 2

all visually detectable lesions

Question 3

what extent is D3?

Answer 3

lesions extending into dentine

Question 4

how is caries classified by cavitation?

Answer 4

cavitated

not cavitated

Question 5

how to determine a cavity in an exam?

Answer 5

run a ball-ended probe over area w/ potential cavitation

if catch felt-cavitated

Question 6

how is caries classified by activity?

Answer 6

active
-demineralising
inactive
-remineralising

Question 7

how does an inactive lesion look?

Answer 7

shiny
clean
no plaque

Question 8

how is caries classified by site?

Answer 8

smooth surface
-buccal, labial, lingual
occlusal
-w/i fissures
root surface
-purely dentine
approximal
-smooth surface unreachable i.e interproximal

Question 9

how is caries classified by location?

Answer 9

primary
secondary
-adjacent to a restoration

Question 10

how are caries scored?

Answer 10

DMFS
-surfaces
-each surface considered separately
DMFT
-worst surface dictates tooth code

Question 11

what dictates reliability?

Answer 11

accuracy and precision

Question 12

what is accuracy?

Answer 12

measures what is claimed

Question 13

what is precision?

Answer 13

consistency of measurement

Question 14

what are the branches of accuracy?

Answer 14

sensitivity

specificity

Question 15

what is sensitivity?

Answer 15

% of disease found correctly

Question 16

what is specificity?

Answer 16

% of health found correctly

Question 17

what is the relationship between sensitivity and specificity?

Answer 17

as sensitivity increases specificity decreases

Question 18

what are the basics needed for a good exam?

Answer 18

good light
dry the tooth
take your time
don’t use a sharp probe

Question 19

what fraction of caries are detected by a clinicial?

Answer 19

1/3

Question 20

what fraction of caries are correctly detected?

Answer 20

0. 97

- meaning unnecessary trauma avoided

Question 21

how can accuracy be improved?

Answer 21

ICCMS
-international caries classification management system
radiographs
magnification
FOTI
-fibre optic trans illumination

Question 22

what are the advantages of radiographs?

Answer 22

in all practices
accurate
quick
go on permanent record

Question 23

what are the disadvantages of radiographs?

Answer 23

ionising radiation
hard to standardise
type depends on caries
bitewings>periapicals>OPT

Question 24

what is the advantage of magnification?

Answer 24

simple- loupes

Question 25

what are the disadvantages of magnification?

Answer 25

time to get used to

cost

Question 26

what other techniques are available to increase accuracy?

Answer 26

fibre-optic transillumination
diagnodent
-laser based red light
electrical techniques