1 risk assessment Flashcards
what factors are necessary for caries?
tooth
plaque
substrate
what factors contribute to the tooth health?
age fluoride morphology nutrition trace elements carbonate level
what factors contribute to substrate?
oral clearance oral hygiene salivary stimulus frequency of eating carbohydrate
what factors contribute to plaque (flora)?
oral hygiene
what is a caries risk assessment?
the risk of the patient developing new/progressive disease in future
what are general caries risk factors?
social
general health
what are local caries risk factors?
oral hygiene diet fluoride experience past caries experience orthodontic tx
what is a caries risk assessment used for?
basis of case management and tx planning in short/long term
what are the 7 elements of caries risk?
clinical evidence dietary habits social history fluoride use plaque control saliva medical history
what clinical evidence contributes to caries risk?
caries experience
orthodontics
prosthetics
what kind of caries experience contribute to caries experience?
dmft ≥ 5
DMFT ≥ 5
caries in 6’s at 6 years
3 year caries increment ≥ 3
what aspects of diet contribute to caries risk?
≥ 3 sugar intakes per day
high frequency of sugar
highly processed/refines carbs
natural sugars can cause harm
what are the 8 social history factors?
SIMD category education unemployment work stressors single parent families violence inequalities and access to healthcare dependents
how does F- contribute to caries risk?
infrequent use of F- toothpaste
no F- in water supply
what does fluorine do in teeth?
incorporation into enamel crystal to form fluroapatite which is more caries resistant than hydroxyapatite
bacteriocidal
interferes with adhesion force of bacteria reducing ability to stick to surface of teeth
how does O.H contribute to caries development?
poor technique irregular brushing unassisted- can't brush well access to toothbrush/paste difficulty due to changes eg ortho
what is the role of saliva in caries development?
amount flow buffering capacity pH viscosity
what is the role of medication in caries development?
medication-induced xerostomia mucosistitis free sugars to taste lactulose frequency of sugar containing medicine recreational drug use social convention of giving sweets to ill kids
describe the caries experience of a high risk child
dmft/DMFT ≥ 5
≥ 10 initial lesions in primary dentition at first attendance
caries in 6’s at 6 years
3 year caries increment ≥3
what social/behavioural factors increase risk of caries? (in children)
mothers caries rate prolonged nursing habits bottle at bedtime cariogenic snacks no toothbrushing little fluoride exposure
what are the 8 elements of preventive programme?
radiographs toothbrushing instruction strength of F- in toothpaste F- varnish F- supplementation diet advice fissure sealants sugar free medicine
describe a typical high caries adult
low level education only attend when problem arises social difficulties sweet tooth w/ poor O.H sugar containing meds saliva affecting meds root caires secondary caries
