6: Cerebellar Patient Flashcards
Clinical signs of cerebellar disease:
Intention tremor, hypermetria, increased muscle tone, titubation, vestibular signs
Paradoxical Vestibular Disease:
Head tilt CONTRALATERAL to lesion
Postural reaction deficits IPSILATERAL to lesion
Lesion in vestibular portion of cerebellum
Signalment of cerebellar cortical abiotrophy:
4-6yo staffies
Diagnosis of cerebellar cortical abiotrophy:
Atrophy visible grossly & on MRI
Histopath- loss of purkinje neurons and thinning of all layers
Pathophys of Cerebellar cortical atrophy:
Degeneration of normal neuronal cell populations after birth
Slow progression
Pathophysiology of Chiari malformation:
Caudal occipital malformation syndrome
Herniation of cerebellum through foramen magnum, kinking of medulla, disruption of CSF flow
Treatment for chiari malformation:
Gabapentin or pregabalin for pain
Prednisone for refractory cases
foramen magnum decompression
Primary brain tumors that can cause cerebellar signs:
Meningioma, glioma, choroid plexus tumor, medulloblastomas, dermoid cysts
Secondary brain tumors that can cause cerebellar signs:
Adenosarcoma: mammary, prostatic, pulmonary, pancreatic
Hemangiosarcoma
Lymphosarcoma
Viral etiologies of cerebellar disease:
Panleuk
Canine Herpes Virus
Distemper
Canine herpesvirus presentation:
cerebellar signs
often <2weeks old
High fatality rate
surviving puppies often have retinal dysplasia
Neuro Pathophys of canine herpes virus
Perinatal infection causes cerebellar hypoplasia
Canine distemper virus in young animals:
polioencephalomyelopathy (grey matter disease)
Hx of seizures
Rarely survive
Canine distemper in older animals:
Leukoencephalimyelopathy (white matter disease)
brain stem, cerebellar, vestibular signs
often results in myoclonus
Non-viral infectious etiologies of cerebellar disease:
Fungal: crypto, blasto, coccidioides
Rickettsia: RMSF (rip chris), ehrlichia
Protozoa: toxo, neospora
Algae
Granulomatous Meningoencephalomyelitis presentation:
Rare to affect just cerebellum; multifocal signs common
Higher incidence in females
Granulomatous Meningoencephalomyelitis histopath:
perivascular cuffing
Corticosteroid responsive tremor syndrome:
Little white dogs
Inflammatory, non-infectious
Acute & severe onset
generally responds to immunosuppression
Cerebellar Infarction:
peracute onset
(debated) most common location for intracranial infarction
R/o underlying cause
prog based on underlying cause
