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3921 > 6 > Flashcards

6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some ACEIs (5)

A 
Enalapril
Captopril
Perindopril
Ramipril
Lisinopril (Zestril)
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2
Q

What are two clinical effects of ACEIs

A

Vasodilation and drop in peripheral resistance

Reduced secretion of aldosterone leading to diuresis and sodium loss

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3
Q

What are some ARBs (6)

A 
Losartan (Cozavan)
Candesartan (Atacand)
Irbesartan (Karvea)
Valsartan (Diovan)
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Eprosartan (Teveten)
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4
Q

What are the two forms of losartan and their inffect

A

EXP3174 - decreased BP effects

EXP3179 - decreased inflammation and adhesion molecules

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5
Q

What is a direct inhibitor of renin

A

Aliskiren

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6
Q

Why use aldosterone antagonists

A

Prevent aldosterone ‘escape’

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7
Q

What is an aldosterone antagonist

A

Spironolactone

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8
Q

What do thiazide diuretics inhibit

A

Reabsorption of Na and Cl in early distal convoluted tubule of the nephron

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9
Q

What do CCBs block

A

The alpha1 subunit of L-type Ca channels

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10
Q

What are the two types of CCBs

A

Dihydropyridines

Non-dihydropyridines

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11
Q

What are some dihydropyridines

A

Amlodipine (Norvasc)

Nifedipine (Adalat)

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12
Q

What do dihydropyridines act on

A

Vascular smooth muscle (arterioles)

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13
Q

What do dihydropyridines treat

A

Hypertension and angina

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14
Q

What do non-dihydropyridines act on

A

Vascular smooth muscle (blood vessels), heart and GIT

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15
Q

What are some non-dihydropyridines

A

Verapamil

Diltizem

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16
Q

What does verapamil act on

A

Directly heart

17
Q

What do non-dihydropyridines relieve (3)

A

Hypertension, angina and some cardiac arrhythmias

18
Q

How does amlodipine work (2)

A

Binds to outer lipid-facing surface

Indirect allosteric blocker

19
Q

How does verapamil work

A

Binds in lumen of the pore

20
Q

What is the MOA of B blockers (2)

A

Reduced cardiac output (reduced HR and force of contraction)

Reduced renin release

21
Q

What are B blockers used to treat (6)

A 
Hypertension
Angina
Cardiac arrhythmias
Heart failure
Migraine
Tremor
22
Q

What is a non-selective B Blocker

A

Propanolol (Inderal)

23
Q

What are selective B-blockers

A

Metoprolol (Betaloc)

Atenolol (Tenormin)

24
Q

What do patients with uncomplicated hypertension start with

A 
Monotherapy:
ACEI
ARB
CCB
Thiazides
25
Q

What do approximately 60% of patients require

A

Combination therapy

26
Q

What affects choice of antihypertensive drug (2)

A

Patient’s age

Associated clinical conditions

27
Q

Explain the MOA of combination drug Exforge (amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide)

A

ACEI
ARB
Thiazide diuretic

3921 (22 decks)

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