6 Flashcards
What are some ACEIs (5)
Enalapril Captopril Perindopril Ramipril Lisinopril (Zestril)
What are two clinical effects of ACEIs
Vasodilation and drop in peripheral resistance
Reduced secretion of aldosterone leading to diuresis and sodium loss
What are some ARBs (6)
Losartan (Cozavan) Candesartan (Atacand) Irbesartan (Karvea) Valsartan (Diovan) Telmisartan (Micardis) Eprosartan (Teveten)
What are the two forms of losartan and their inffect
EXP3174 - decreased BP effects
EXP3179 - decreased inflammation and adhesion molecules
What is a direct inhibitor of renin
Aliskiren
Why use aldosterone antagonists
Prevent aldosterone ‘escape’
What is an aldosterone antagonist
Spironolactone
What do thiazide diuretics inhibit
Reabsorption of Na and Cl in early distal convoluted tubule of the nephron
What do CCBs block
The alpha1 subunit of L-type Ca channels
What are the two types of CCBs
Dihydropyridines
Non-dihydropyridines
What are some dihydropyridines
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Nifedipine (Adalat)
What do dihydropyridines act on
Vascular smooth muscle (arterioles)
What do dihydropyridines treat
Hypertension and angina
What do non-dihydropyridines act on
Vascular smooth muscle (blood vessels), heart and GIT
What are some non-dihydropyridines
Verapamil
Diltizem
What does verapamil act on
Directly heart
What do non-dihydropyridines relieve (3)
Hypertension, angina and some cardiac arrhythmias
How does amlodipine work (2)
Binds to outer lipid-facing surface
Indirect allosteric blocker
How does verapamil work
Binds in lumen of the pore
What is the MOA of B blockers (2)
Reduced cardiac output (reduced HR and force of contraction)
Reduced renin release
What are B blockers used to treat (6)
Hypertension Angina Cardiac arrhythmias Heart failure Migraine Tremor
What is a non-selective B Blocker
Propanolol (Inderal)
What are selective B-blockers
Metoprolol (Betaloc)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
What do patients with uncomplicated hypertension start with
Monotherapy: ACEI ARB CCB Thiazides
