6 Flashcards
What is respiration?
A series of enzyme-controlled reactions
What is the reaction for respiration?
Glucose —> waste products + energy
What is released during respiration and is in the formation of what?
Some of the energy released during respiration is used in the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
What is ATP?
ATP is an energy transfer molecule and is used as an immediate source of chemical energy in cells
What is the breakdown of glucose + oxygen / the reaction for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy
What takes place if oxygen is present?
Aerobic respiration
What takes place when oxygen is absent?
Fermentation
In animal cells what are the pyruvate molecules converted to?
Lactate
In plant and yeast cells what are the pyruvate molecules converted to?
Carbon dioxide and ethanol
What is glucose broken down into?
Two molecules of pyruvate, realising enough energy to yield two molecules of ATP
Where is the process of fermentation completed?
The cytoplasm
Where is the process of aerobic respiration completed?
The Mitochondria
What happens due to there being a higher energy requirement of a cell?
The greater the number of Mitochondria present in that cell
