6 19th Century Flashcards
1
Q
What are the names of the two Garden Cities that were build in Britain?
A
- Letchworth
- Welwyn
2
Q
Explain the design of the Garden City
A
Radial plan with a major city (60,000 people) in the center and 6 “satellite” cities (30,000 people) around it.
3
Q
What kind of architecture was used in the City Beautiful Movement?
A
- Neoclassical architecture (taught at Ecole des Beaux-Arts schools)
4
Q
How much of Chicago was destroyed in the Great Fire of Chicago?
A
1/3 of the city
5
Q
What was Academie des Beaux-Arts?
A
A school of architecture devoted to Neoclassical architecture
6
Q
What city was the birthplace of the skyscraper?
A
Chicago
7
Q
What are 8 points about the Chicago School?
A
- Heavy masonry walls
- Palazzo style, tripartite division
- Arches reflect Romanesque traditions
- Cornice caps roof
- Horizontal stringcourse on lower level helps to scale the building down
- No classical ornamentation used
- Large glazed arcades open up walls, typical of a modern approach to construction
- Because of the great fires, Iron structure was often clad with masonry
8
Q
What 2 things made skyscrapers possible?
A
- Skeleton frame (columns replace load-bearing walls)
- Elevator
