13 Review Flashcards
4 notable events of the Reformation:
- Johannes Gutenberg builds the printing press in Strasbourg
- martin Luther nails his 95 theses to the door of all saints’ church in Wittenberg
- The Defenestration of Prague
- The Thirty year War
What three things challenged the power of the church in the Renaissance?
- Humanism (value of the individual)
- Rationalism (critical thinking)
- Individualism (the moral worth of an individual)
What did Brunelleschi win?
A competition to build an immense dome for the Florence Cathedral.
Which three architects worked on St. Peter’s cathedral?
- Bramante
- Michelangelo
- Maderno
What did the church recognize about architecture in the Baroque period?
It recognized the need to appeal to the masses. So it looked to make architecture emotional, exciting, and inviting.
Was there is a clear or distinct building style in the 19th century?
NO
What were 4 new technologies that were introduced in the 19th century?
- Elevators
- Metal skeleton frame
- Electricity
- Mechanical systems
Who designed the Crystal Palace?
Landscape architect (then called gardener) Joseph Paxton
Three points about the crystal palace:
- Prefabricated cast iron with glass panels
- Based on design of green houses
- “Skeleton” construction
Was the Eiffel Tower the tallest building in the world until 1930?
It sure was
Was is the largest wrought iron structure IN THE WORLD??!
Yeah
What did the Columbian Exposition celebrate?
Columbus’s discovery of Amberica in 1492
Where did students of Beaux-Arts have an opportunity to study after graduating?
Paris
Three points about Louis Sullivan:
- “Form follows function”
- Classical precedent for inspiration
- Developed a new concept for the exterior of skyscrapers - base, middle section and a top
What was a major developing from the Arts and Crafts movement?
Balloon framing (a style of wood-house building that uses long, vertical 2” x 4”s for the exterior walls. These long “studs” extend uninterrupted, from the sill on top of the foundation, all the way up to the roof.
Did Art Nouveau designers make architecture, furniture, fabrics, & decoration all part of a “total work of art”?
They sure did
What three plants were used for design inspiration in Art Nouveau?
- Plants
- Vines
- Stems
What three birds and insects were used for design inspiration in Art Nouveau?
- Dragonflies
- Peacocks
- Swans
What three flowers were used for design inspiration in Art Nouveau?
- Iris
- Rose
- Lily
What two other things were used for design inspiration in Art Nouveau?
- Ocean waves
- Smoke
What 2 new materials were introduced in Modernism?
- Plate glass
- Steel skeleton frame
What 2 new technologies were developed in modernism?
- The curtain wall
- Mass production/repeated modules
What does Deconstructionist architecture emphasize?
- Fragmentation
- Disassociation
- A complete break from rules, anything goes
What does Brutalist architecture look like?
Brutal, cold, hard, imposing
