6:13 Flashcards by Brian Riley

Coaming

A raised frame to keep out water (Frame around a hatchway)

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Distillation

total process the distilling plant forms, including evaporation and condensation

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What is FAC

Free available chlorine
Chlorine available after the demand is met
(normal range 0.2-2.0ppm)

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Define Micron

a unit of length, one millionth of a meter

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Define point of use (POU)

a treatment device applied to single tap used to reduce contaminant in drinking water at the tap

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Potable water

Water suitable for human consumption, bathing, laundry and personnel hygeine

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Define reverse Osmosis

reverse the natural osmosis achieved by external application of sufficient pressure to cause it to flow in a unnatural direction

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Define Colilet/Colisure

test used to detect total coliform and ecoli in potable water

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Define total coliform

a group of closely related, mostly harmless bacteria that live in soil, water and gut
The presence or absence of total coliform bacteria is drinking water standard

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Define Ecoli

-A type of fecal coliform bacteria commonly found in the intestines of
animals and humans.
-E. coli is short for Escherichia coli.
- in water is a strong indication of recent sewage or animal waste
contamination.

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Responsibilities of NAVSEASYSCOM

Responsible for the DESIGN/ CONSTRUCTION/ MAITNANCE of shipboard potable water.
to Include treatment, and facility process assuring drinking water is safe

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Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFACENGCOM) Responsibilities

responsible for promulgating instructions for ship-to-shore potable water connections and for providing potable water from an approved source when the ship is berthed at a naval facility.
(Supply water Shore)

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Chief, BUMED responsibility for water

Responsible for establishing and promulgating health standards for water
quality afloat
-Promulgate appropriate instructions, notices, or other publications to reflect
afloat water quality requirements.
Establish the shipboard requirements for medical surveillance of potable
water systems.

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Responsibility for Area, fleet and subordinate commanders

Responsible for issuing the necessary
implementing directives to ensure that adequate water sanitation standards are
provided and enforced in each ship within the command.

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Responsibilities of the CO with water

responsible for promulgating a water sanitation bill to
ensure that procedures for receipt, transfer, treatment, storage, distribution, and
surveillance are provided and followed.

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Responsibility of the Engineering Dept. with water

Responsible to the CO for implementing the requirements of NAVSEASYSCOM.
-Supply and treatment of Potable water
-Potable water system components that:
-Ensure that all ship-to-shore and ship-to-ship connections are made only by
authorized personnel, when available,
-Halogen and pH testing
-Ensure minimum halogen residuals are maintained at a potable water tank
before placing the tank on-line to the potable water distribution system.

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MDR responsibilities with water

-Bacteriological (BACTI) Testing (weekly)
-Daily Halogen Testing (daily)
-MDR shall notify the commanding officer of any discrepancies observed in the
potable water distribution system.

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Minimum usage requirements for potable water afloat

New ship need 50gal per day as specified by NAVSEASYSCOM
Doesn’t apply to “water hours”
no less than 2gal a day
Sea water is used for marine sanitation device systems

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Approved sources of potable water

-Distillation, Reverse Osmosis (RO), or other NAVSEA approved water
production technology.
-Shore-to Ship delivery from an approved source.
-Other OCONUS locations may be obtained from U.S. Military
representatives ashore or Navy Environmental Preventive Medicine
Units (NEPMU)
-Ship to Ship
-

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What foreign allies can we take water from?

British royal Navy
Canadians
Royal Australian Navy

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When can you not make water?

1) Harbors or from polluted seawater.
2) When ships are operated in close formation.
3) When stripping or discharging waste or bilge water forward of the
saltwater intakes.

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Seawater is used aboard ships for what?

fire mains, decontamination, and for marine sanitation devices (MSDs) flushing.

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Ship to shore from an unapproved source must be treated to a minimum from what

2.0ppm

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two types of water production plants

Distillation plant
Reverse osmosis (RO)

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Types of Distillation plants

- Steam Distilling Plants - uses steam supplied by power plant or auxiliary boiler - Waste Heat Distilling Plant - uses heat derived from Diesel Engine jacket water - Vapor Compression Type - uses Electrical Energy

Reverse osmosis removes particles as small as what?

1 micron

Singles pass RO require what

Additional disinfection such as Chlorination or Bromination

Triple pass is normally located where?

typically subs

What are the components of a shipboard water system

``` Potable water tanks Vent and overflow lines Manholes water level measurement filling lines piping ```

What are some rules for potable water tanks

never fill with ballast water(unless needed for survival of ship) Coating must be NSF/ANSI

Vents and overflow lines should have what and cant terminate where

``` 18gauage mesh or finer/non corrosive Food spaces Medical Toilets Electrical areas exterior of ship ```

Ways to measure water levels

Automatic( direct read gauges) Petcocks (various intervals) Sounding tubes

What are the requirements for Sounding tubes

Disinfect prior to use 100ppm FAC for 2 minutes labeled "POTABLE WATER USE ONLY"

Requirements for filling lines

- Dark blue-potable water - 18in from deck - turned downward - screw caps with keeper chains

requirements for piping

-Potable water piping passing through non-potable water tanks must have the pipe surrounded by a sloped self-draining pipe tunnel -Potable hot water settings should be set so the temperature at the fixture is 120 degrees F at the water tap.

Sanitary requirements for Potable water hose lockers

Vermin proof locked 18 in off the deck printed step by step direction on the inside

Potable water hose

replace when cracks develop or lining leaks not used for anything else approved for potable water

Labeling of Potable water hose

Labeled "Potable water only" 1in letter | coupling dark blue

Labeling Potable water riser

warning plate "Potable water only" 1/4in letters | valves and valve handles dark blue

Sounding tubes

clearly labled plate | capped with dark blue

Labeling of Potable water hose locker

"potable water hose

Water transfer onto a ship

minimum 0.2ppm | Doubtful quality water should be 2.0ppm

Purpose of the Halogen residual

quick indication of water that may not have been properly treated absence of Halogen may indicate contamination

What is the purpose of bacteriological testing

Ensure fitness for human consumption | Asses adequacy of disinfection process

Halogen residual is tested by who and how often?

MDR Daily and conjunction with bacterial analysis prior to receipt of Potable water

Micro biological quality testing is based on what frequency

Population dependent 400 personnel or less, no less than 4 samples Over 400 - 800 personnel, require 8 samples. More than 800 require 12 samples. Samples will include ¼ of ship's ice machines & ¼ of the ship’s potable water tanks.

How often are emergency potable water tanks tested?

Monthly

DPD #1 test what

Test for FAC and TBR

DPD #4 test what?

Test both FAC and that already used

Color comparator is accurate to wat percent?

+/- 10

Portable Spectrometer is accurate to what

+/- 2

Absence of residual halogen is reported to who

CO/CHENG

How often do you test BACT?

Weekly

What are some other reasons to test BACT

(1) Whenever abnormal halogen demand is present (2) Suspicion of contamination (3) After repairs to potable water system

BACT testing procedure

Label bag with Location/ Date and time/ samplers initials Collect 100ml tap water in bag containing Sodium thiosulfate incubate for 24hrs

Describe Colilert?

(1 Clear is negative (2 Yellow is positive for total coliform (3 Fluorescent yellow (under UV light) is positive for fecal coliform

Describe Colisure

(1 Yellow is negative (2 Magenta is positive for total coliforms (3 Fluorescent light blue is positive for E. Coli

Records colisure/colilert results where

Potable water log or TMIP both negative and positive controls

Two methods of water disinfection?

Bromination and Chlorination

Automatic Chlorine disinfection

Injects hypochlorite into system in proportion to the flow of water.

How do the brominator work?

preset to deliver 0.7 ppm bromine during normal operation procedure

How does the Recirculation brominator work?

boost bromine residual in potable water tank as it cycles it through the system

Describe the Batch method for water disinfection

``` Least desirable method of water disinfection Calcium Hypochlorite (HTH) disinfectant of choice ```

For batch method the slightly yellow liquid is called what?

Supernantant

Chlorine dosage rule of thumb

One ounce HTH Per 5,000 gallons of water equals 1.0 ppm FAC

Halogen residual numbers

(1) Water from approved source: 0.2 ppm FAC/TBR after 30 minute contact time. (2) Water from Unapproved source: 2.0 ppm FAC/TBR after 30 minute contact time. - If the ships brominator cannot achieve a TBR of 2.0 ppm, the water must be chlorinated by "Batch Method".