5c-Ideal gas molecules Flashcards
Q: How do molecules in a gas move?
A: Gas molecules move in random motion, colliding with each other and the walls of their container.
Q: How does a gas exert pressure?
1-Gas molecules move freely and collide with the container walls.
2-Each collision exerts a force on the wall.
3-The total force from many collisions creates gas pressure.
4-The more frequent and forceful the collisions, the higher the pressure.
Q: What is absolute zero?
A: Absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature, at -273°C (0 Kelvin, 0K), where:
Molecules stop moving (zero kinetic energy).
No thermal energy remains.
Q: What is the Kelvin scale of temperature?A
: The Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero (0 K) and is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of gas molecules.
How do you convert between Celsius and Kelvin?
Q: How do you convert between Celsius and Kelvin?A:
Kelvin to Celsius: T(Celcus) = T(K)- 273
Celsius to Kelvin: T(K) = T (Celcus) + 273
Q: How does temperature affect gas molecules?A:
Increasing temperature increases kinetic energy.
Molecules move faster and collide with more force.
Higher temperature leads to higher pressure (if volume is constant).
Q: How is temperature related to kinetic energy?
A: The Kelvin temperature of a gas is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules.
Q: How are pressure and volume related at constant temperature?
A:
If volume decreases, molecules collide more frequently, increasing pressure.
If volume increases, there are fewer collisions, decreasing pressure.
Boyle’s Law:
P1V1= P2V2
P1= initial
P2= Final
Q: How are pressure and temperature related at constant volume?A:
Higher temperature increases kinetic energy, making molecules move faster.
Faster movement causes more frequent and forceful collisions, increasing pressure.
Equation:
P1/T1 = P1/P2
Practical: Investigating Gas Laws
Boyle’s Law Experiment (Pressure and Volume)
Method: Use a gas syringe to compress gas and measure pressure at different volumes.
Observation: As volume decreases, pressure increases.
Conclusion: Confirms . P1V1= P2V2
Practical: Investigating Gas Laws
Pressure and Temperature Relationship Experiment
Pressure and Temperature Relationship Experiment
Method: Heat a sealed flask of air and measure pressure at different temperatures.
Observation: As temperature increases, pressure increases.
Conclusion: Confirms constant.
