1b-Movement and position

Question 1

What are the key quantities used to describe motion?
(5)

Answer 1

A: Motion is described using:
Distance (m): How far an object has traveled.

Displacement (m): Distance in a specific direction.

Speed (m/s): How fast an object moves.

Velocity (m/s): Speed in a specific direction.

Acceleration (m/s²): Rate of change of velocity.

Question 2

scalar

Answer 2

Scalars: Have magnitude(size or amount of a quantity, without considering its direction.) only (e.g., speed, distance, time).

Question 3

vectors

Answer 3

Vectors: Have magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, displacement, acceleration).

Question 4

What is the equation for speed?

Answer 4

speed = distance / time

Question 5

What is the equation for acceleration?

Answer 5

acc = change in velocity / time

Question 6

equations for motion with constant acceleration?

Answer 6

v= u+ at
s= ut+ 1/2 at^2
v^2 = u^2 +2as
s = (u+v)/2 xt
where:

s = displacement (m)

u= initial velocity (m/s)

v= final velocity (m/s)

a= acceleration (m/s²)

t= time (s)

Question 7

: What can be determined from a distance-time graph?A:
4

Answer 7

Gradient = Speed

Flat section = Stationary object

Steeper gradient = Faster speed

Curve = Acceleration or deceleration

Question 8

What can be determined from a velocity-time graph?

Answer 8

A:

Gradient = Acceleration

Flat section = Constant velocity

Area under graph = Distance traveled

Steeper gradient = Greater acceleration

Question 9

Practical: Measuring Motion

Measuring Speed Using Light Gates

Answer 9

Method: Use two light gates connected to a timer to measure time taken for an object to pass.

Observation: Speed calculated using distance/time.

Question 10

Practical: Measuring Motion

Investigating Acceleration Using a Trolley on a Ramp

Answer 10

A trolley is released from rest at the top of a ramp and its motion is measured using light gates or a ticker timer. The time taken to pass between two points is recorded. Using the formula for acceleration