5.5b Flashcards
Psychotropic Medications Therapy
using drugs (like antidepressants, antipsychotics, or mood stabilizers) to treat mental disorders by affecting neurotransmitters and brain function.
Asylums
historical institutions, often large and supervised, that housed individuals with mental health disorders, with a focus on segregation from society rather than treatment.
Deinstitutionalization
the movement of individuals with mental illnesses or disabilities from long-term institutional settings (like psychiatric hospitals) to community-based care.
Psychological Therapies
evidence-based treatments aimed at improving mental health and well-being through psychological techniques.
Ethical Principles
the moral guidelines that govern the conduct of psychologists in research and practice, ensuring the protection of participants and upholding professional standards.
Nonmaleficence
meaning “do no harm,” requires psychologists to avoid causing harm or potential harm to participants or clients in research or practice.
Fidelity
upholding one’s commitments and responsibilities, and maintaining trust.
Integrity
emphasizes honesty, accuracy, and truthfulness in all aspects of psychological practice, research, and teaching, ensuring that psychologists uphold professional standards and act with moral responsibility.
Respect
Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people, and the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination.
Group Therapy
a form of psychotherapy where a small group of individuals with similar experiences or mental health conditions meet regularly under the guidance of a licensed therapist.
Individual Therapy
a form of mental health treatment where a client works one-on-one with a licensed mental health professional, such as a therapist or psychologist.
Hypnosis
a trance-like state where individuals are more susceptible to suggestions, but not under the control of the hypnotist.
Psychoactive Medications
substances that cause changes in the normal activities of the central nervous system. It disrupts the action of neurotransmitters and the communication between neurons in the brain. Psychoactive drugs affect mental processes such as perception, consciousness, cognition or mood and emotions.
Antidepressants
medications used to treat depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and other conditions, often by affecting neurotransmitter levels in the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine.
(SSRIs and SNRIS)
Antianxiety medications
drugs used to reduce anxiety and agitation, often by depressing activity in the central nervous system.
Lithium
a mood-stabilizing medication helping to balance mood swings and prevent manic and depressive episodes.
(Treat Bipolar)
Antipsychotic Medications
psychotropic drugs are primarily used to treat psychosis by managing symptoms like delusions and hallucinations.
(schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders)
Tardive Dyskinesia
Involuntary, repetitive movements, often affecting the face, tongue, and limbs.
(side effect of long-term use of particularly antipsychotics.)
(neurological disorder)
Psychosurgery
surgical interventions, particularly on the brain, aimed at treating psychological disorders.
(Lobotomy)
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
brain stimulation through magnetic fields which temporarily disrupt or enhance neuronal actitivy. Used to offer insight for potential therapeutic applications.
non-invasive
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
a biomedical therapy where a brief electric current to the brain induces a seizure to try and shock the brain into correct actitivy.
(severe depression or catoaonic states)
Lobotomy
a psychosurgery to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients.
(Schizoprenia, severe depression, bipolar)
