5.5a Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Psychodynamic Therapies
unconscious drives and past experiences influence current behavior.
gain insight into unconscious forces to resolve psychological issues
Free Association
patients express whatever comes to mind, without censorship or judgment, to uncover unconscious thoughts and feelings.
Dream Interpretation
the process of assigning meaning to dreams, often based on the idea that dreams reveal unconscious thoughts, desires, and conflicts, as proposed by Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory.
Unconscious Mind
the part of the mind that contains thoughts, memories, and desires that we are unaware of. It influences our behavior and personality.
Cognitive Therapies
focus on changing individuals’ thoughts and beliefs to improve their emotional and behavioral well-being.
Cognitive Restructuring
help individuals identify, challenge, and modify negative or distorted thought patterns that contribute to emotional distress and behavioral problems.
Fear Hierarchies
a graded list of feared situations or stimuli, ordered from least to most anxiety-provoking, used to help individuals gradually confront their fears in a controlled manner.
Cognitive Triad
negative thought patterns about themselves, the world, and the future.
Applied Behavior Analysis
a scientific approach that uses principles of learning theory to understand and modify behaviors, often focusing on improving socially significant behaviors through interventions like positive reinforcement and data-driven strategies.
Biofeedback
a process where individuals learn to control physiological responses, like heart rate or muscle tension, by monitoring their body’s signals with instruments, aiming to improve health or performance.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies
a type of psychotherapy that integrates cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior) to help individuals manage problems by modifying both their thoughts and actions.
Exposure Therapies
a behavioral treatment that helps people confront their fears by gradually exposing them to what they fear. It’s a type of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
Systematic Desensitization
gradually exposing the patient to increasingly anxiety-provoking stimuli while teaching them relaxation techniques to cope with their fear.
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
a form of evidence-based psychotherapy that focuses on helping individuals manage intense emotions, impulsive behaviors, and interpersonal difficulties.
Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy
A form of therapy that helps individuals identify the negative and irrational thoughts and thought patterns that they have that could lead to behavioral or emotional problems.
“Identify, challenge, replace.”
Humanistic Approach to Therapy
emphasizes an individual’s inherent goodness, potential for growth, and self-actualization, focusing on creating a supportive and empathetic environment for clients to explore their feelings and achieve personal growth.
Person-Centered Therapy
a humanistic therapy that emphasizes empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness to facilitate clients’ self-acceptance and personal growth.
Unconditional Positive Regard
a therapeutic technique that involves accepting and supporting a client without judgment
Active Listening
attentively listening to and understanding the client’s thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
Meta-Analysis
a statistical technique that combines and analyzes results from multiple studies on a specific topic to draw broader conclusions, offering a “big picture” view and enhancing the reliability of findings.
Psychotherapy
professional working with an individual to address their emotional, behavioral, or cognitive issues.
Evidence-Based Interventions
practices or programs that have been scientifically proven effective through research studies, and are implemented to address specific psychological issues or problems.
Therapeutic Alliance
the collaborative relationship between a therapist and client, characterized by trust, empathy, and a shared understanding of goals, which is crucial for successful therapy.
Biomedical Therapies
treatments that directly address the physiological basis of psychological disorders using medications or medical procedures. (Labotomy, ECT, TMS…)
