Urinary: Anatomy of the Bladder Flashcards
What is the embryological derivative of the bladder?
The hindgut
What are the important external features of the bladder?
The apex - located superiorly and points to the pubic symphysis. Connected to umbilicus by median umbilical ligament (remnant urachus)
Body - main part
Fundus - posterior, triangle shaped
Neck - formed by convergence of the fundus and 2 inferolateral surfaces, joins bladder to urethra
What is the trigone?
A triangle between the 2 openings of the ureters and the urethra
What is the ridge called between the 2 ureter opening?
The interureteric fold
How is the bladder mucosa arranged to allow for distension?
Folded into rugae
except the trigone which is smooth
What are the 3 fibre layers of the detrusor muscle?
The detrusor has fibres orientated in 3 directions: longitudinally, obliquely and circular. This allows structural integrity to be retained when stretched.
What are the 2 urethral sphincters?
Internal urethral sphincter: (males only) circular smooth muscle fibres under autonomic control. Prevents seminal regurgitation during ejaculation.
External urethral sphincter: (both sexes) a skeletal muscle under voluntary control. Relaxes during micturition to allow flow of urine.
What is the vascular supply to the bladder?
Arterial supply: The superior vesical branch of the internal iliac artery. In males there is also some internal branch and in women there is some by the vaginal arteries.
Venous drainage: the vesical venous plexus which empty into the internal iliac vein
What is the anatomical position of the prostate?
Located inferiorly to the bladder neck and superiorly to the external urethral sphincter. Posteriorly to the prostate there in the ampulla of the rectum which allows digital rectal examination of the prostate
