54. Obstetric statistics

Question 1

how is birth rate defined?

Answer 1

the number of births per 1000 population (men are also included in the population calculation).

This is a gross measure of a population’s growth. Less-developed areas tend to have higher birth rates.

Question 2

how is fertility rate defined?

Answer 2

The number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-44 years.

This calculation is an attempt to measure the rate at which women of reproductive age are successfully reproducing

Question 3

what is the maternal mortality ratio?

Answer 3

The number of direct and indirect maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

Question 4

direct maternal death rate

Answer 4

Defined as the number of direct maternal deaths per
100,000 live births.
Includes death events from complications of pregnancy,
delivery, or the puerperium period (had the woman not
been pregnant, the death would not have occurred).
In developed countries, most common causes include
hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, and embolic
events. In developing countries, sepsis replaces embolic
events as a leading cause of maternal deaths.

Question 5

indirect maternal death rate

Answer 5

Defined as the number of indirect maternal deaths
per 100,000 live births.
Indirect deaths often represent underlying medical
conditions aggravated, but not caused by, the
pregnancy.
Additional common causes in developed countries
include cancer and accidents.

Question 6

what is the perinatal mortality rate?

Answer 6

composed of late fetal and early neonatal mortality:

Late fetal mortality rate (intrauterine fetal death)- Number of intrauterine fetal deaths (from the 24th gestational w’) per 1000 births in a given year or period.

Early neonatal death- Number of deaths during the first 7 days of life per 1000 live births in a given year or period.

Question 7

definition of abortion

Answer 7

any loss of a fetus that is younger than 20 weeks of gestation

Question 8

what is Stillbirth and Stillbirth rate?

Answer 8

Delivery >20 weeks gestation if the gestational age is known or weight >350g if gestational age is not known
no signs of life- absence of breathing, heartbeats, pulsation of the umbilical cord, or definitive movements of voluntary muscles.
number of stillbirths/1000 infants born.