5.3 - income statements Flashcards

1
Q

what is profit?

A

the money made after all costs have been paid. It is used for dividends and retained profit. ​

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2
Q

what is cash?

A

money used and needed for day to day expenses e.g. raw materials, bills, wage, repaying loans.
If the business does no have enough cash it will struggle to survive

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3
Q

3 reasons why profit is important to private sector businesses?

A
  • reward for risk - can use this reward to pay more dividends to shareholders to keep them satisfied​
  • a source of finance- profit can be used as retained profit so that the business doesn’t need to get a bank loan and pay interest ​
  • indicator of success – high profitability will attract future investors to invest in the company. This money can be used for machinery, advertising or R & D
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4
Q

what is an income statement?

A

an income statement shows business owners and managers whether the business has made a profit or a loss.

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5
Q

what are the key features of an income statement?

A
  • revenue​
  • costs of sales/goods sold ​
  • gross profit​
  • expenses​
  • net profit (profit)​
  • retained profit
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6
Q

what is revenue?

A

money made from sales
price x quantity

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7
Q

what is cost of sales/goods sold?

A

the costs to make the product and are made up of variable costs. ​this can be calculated two ways: ​
1. adding all the variable costs e.g. raw materials, packaging, wages) ​
2. (Opening inventory (stock) + Purchases– Closing inventory) X cost per unit

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8
Q

what is gross profit?

A

revenue - cost of sales

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9
Q

what are expenses?

A

these are all other expenses of the business (Fixed Costs) E.g. Rent, salaries, depreciation of assets

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10
Q

what is net profit (profit)?

A

gross profit - expenses

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11
Q

what is retained profit?

A

the amount of profit that is reinvested back into the business, after dividends and taxes are paid

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