5.3 Covalent bonding

Question 1

what is covalent bonding?

Answer 1

the electrostatic force of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 2

how are electrons shared?

Answer 2

the orbitals containing the electrons are overlapped

Question 3

why is a covalent bond localised?

Answer 3

only forms between the shared pair of electrons and the nuclei

Question 4

what is a double covalent bond?

Answer 4

the electrostatic force of attraction between two shared pairs of electrons and the nuclei

Question 5

what is a triple covalent bond?

Answer 5

the electrostatic force of attraction between three shared pairs of electrons and the nuclei

Question 6

what is a dative covalent bond?

Answer 6

when both electrons in a shared pair come from the same atom

Question 7

example of molecule with less than 8 electrons

Answer 7

BF3
has 6

Question 8

example of molecule with more than 8 electrons

Answer 8

SF6
has 12
expands the octet

Question 9

what determines the strength of a covalent bond?

Answer 9

how much the bonding orbitals overlap
how strongly the nuclei is attracted to the shared pair of electrons