5.3 - 5.4 - Addressing and Routing Flashcards
When users work with the application software, they typically use the __________________ (i.e., www.mcl.edu.ph) or server name
application layer address
The network layer software uses a ____________________
network layer address
The network layer protocol used on the internet is IP, so the web address is translated into an _________________ that is 4 bytes long
IP address
The network layer identifies the ___________________ of the next computer to which the message should be sent
data link layer address
If the data link layer is running Ethernet, then the network layer IP address would be translated into an Ethernet address or ___________________
MAC address
Application Layer — Web Browser
Network Layer — Internet Protocol
Data Link Layer — ______________
Ethernet
Permanently encoded in each network card/port, assigned by manufacturer, thus commonly called a PHYSICAL address
Data Link Addresses
Generally assigned by software (DHCP for an administered network); can change overtime, thus also referred to as LOGICAL address
Network Layer Addresses
(Internet domain names, Windows device names) also assigned by software configuration files
Application Layer Addresses
The IP protocol defines the address space that can be used on the Internet. The address space is the __________ number of addresses available
total
Addresses are assigned into a particular class by the value of the first __________ (or octet, by the high-order bits)
byte
All Class A are in the range 0 - ____
All Class B are in the range ____ - ____
All Class C are in the range ____ - ____
126…128 - 191…192 - 223
By saying network, it pertains to a group of nodes or computer sharing the same __________
IP block
A _______ or host pertains to any network device that can be assigned with an IP address — computers, router ports, IP phones, etc
node
The 127 address range is reserved for a computer to communicate with itself and is called the __________ — used mostly by developers and sysAdmins when testing software
loopback
Addresses starting from 224 are ___________________ that should not be used on IP networks
reserved addresses
Addresses from 224-239 belong to Class ___ and are reserved from multicasting
D
Sending messages to a group of computers rather than to only one computer (unicast)
Multicasting
Address from 240-254 belong to Class ___ addresses for multicasting internal content in addition to Class D addresses
E
Addresses starting with 255 are reserved for ____________________
broadcast messages
Bits starting from the left-most bit going to the right; taken from the value of the first octet converted to an 8-bit binary number
High-order bit
Class A’s high-order bit: ___
Class B’s high-order bit: ___
Class C’s high-order bit: ___
0…10…110
Within each class there is a set of addresses that are labeled as private IPv4 __________
address space
Special devices that translate the private addresses int valid public addresses for use on the Internet
Network Address Translation firewalls (NAT)
