2.2 World Wide Web

Question 1

The Web was first conceived in 1989 by ____________ at the European Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Geneva

Answer 1

Sir Tim Berners-Lee

Question 2

The Web is a good example of a ____________

Answer 2

two-tier client-server architecture

Question 3

Each client computer needs an application layer software package called a ____________ (Google Chrome, MS Edge, etc)

Answer 3

Web browser

Question 4

Each server on the network that will act as a web server needs an application layer software package, a ___________ — its task, store information as series of text files structured by HTML

Answer 4

Web server

Question 5

The _______ specifies the Internet address of the Web server and the directory and name of the specific page wanted

Answer 5

URL

Question 6

The standard protocol for communication between a Web browser and a Web server is ____________

Answer 6

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Question 7

To get a page from a Web server, the Web browser issues a special packet called an ____________ that contains the URL and other information about the Web page requested

Answer 7

HTTP request

Question 8

Once the server receives the HTTP request, it processes it and sends back an ___________, which will be the requested page or an error message

Answer 8

HTTP response

Question 9

An HTTP request from a Web browser to a Web server has three parts:

Answer 9

1. Request line
2. Request header
3. Request body

Question 10

The ____________, which starts with a command (e.g., get), provides the Web page, and ends with the HTTP version number that the browser understands

Answer 10

request line

Question 11

The ____________, which contains a variety of optional information such as the Web browser being used (e.g., Internet Explorer) and the date

Answer 11

request header

Question 12

The ____________, which contains the information sent to the server, such as information that the user has typed into a form

Answer 12

request body

Question 13

The HTTP response has three parts too:

Answer 13

1. Response status
2. Response header
3. Response body

Question 14

The ____________, which contains the HTTP version number the server has used, a status code, and a reason phrase (a text description of the status code)

Answer 14

response status

Question 15

The ____________, which contains a variety of optional information, such as the Web server being used (e.g., Apache), the date, and the exact URL of the page in the response

Answer 15

response header

Question 16

The ____________, which is the Web page itself

Answer 16

response body