5.3

Question 1

What is binomial nomenclature?

Answer 1

The system of naming organisms using two names

Question 2

What are the three main reasons for using binomial nomenclature?

Answer 2

1. To be sure each organism has a unique name that can’t be confused with another organism.
2. So that the. A,es can be universally understood no matter what culture or language.
3. So that people can’t change the names of organisms without valid reasons.

Question 3

How are species named?

Answer 3

• provide supporting evidence if it isn’t already an identified species
• describe the organism (physical, cellular, chemical traits, ect.)
• naming it using the rules of binomial nomenclature
• process of peer review

Question 4

What rules have to be follows when naming using binomial nomenclature?

Answer 4

1. Use both genus and species name
2. The genus type is capitalised but the species is not
3. If typed, both names are in italics
4. If hand written both names are underlined

Question 5

What is a taxa?

Answer 5

Categories that scientist have generated names for

Question 6

What are the three domains of life?

Answer 6

Bacteria, archaebacteria and eukaryotes

Question 7

why do viruses not fit?

Answer 7

because they are not considered living things so they are classified using a different system

Question 8

what is the order of taxons from broadest to narrowest?

Answer 8

kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species

Question 9

what is a mnemonic to remember the order ot taxons?

Answer 9

King Philip Came Over For Good Soup

Question 10

what is the preferable analysis used for classification?

Answer 10

DNA and protein analysis

Question 11

what is natural classification?

Answer 11

uses ancestry to group organisms together.

Question 12

what is artificial classification?

Answer 12

uses other things (like whereter things tate good ot no ot if they are poisonous or not) to classify things

Question 13

why should we always use natural clasification?

Answer 13

it shows evolutionary links
it gives order to the large amount of living things
it allows you to predict characteristics shared by members of a group

Question 14

what are traits of Bryophyta?

Answer 14

• nonvascular
• short/ close to the ground
  e.g. mosses and liverworts

Question 15

what are traits of Filicinophyta?

Answer 15

• vascular
• no flowers and have long thin leaves
  e.g. ferns

Question 16

what are traits of coniferophyta?

Answer 16

• vascular
• woody stems, needles instead of leavse, pollinated by wind and produce seeds enclosed in cones
  e.g. pine tree, cedar tree

Question 17

what are traits of angiospermophyta?

Answer 17

• vascular
• produce flowers, mostly pollinated by insects and fruit develops around seeds
  e.g. carnations, apple trees

Question 18

what are traits of Cnidaria?

Answer 18

• have stinging cells
  e.g. Jellfish, sea anemone

Question 19

what are trait of platyhelminthes?

Answer 19

one opening in the gut (for ingestion and egestion) no heart, flat shape, body not divided into sections
e.g. flatworms, tapeworms

Question 20

what is a trait of annelida?

Answer 20

segmented worms
one way digestive track
e.g. earthworms and leeches

Question 21

what are traits of Mollusca?

Answer 21

aquatic
most produce shells
one way digestive track
not segmented
e.g. snails clams octopus

Question 22

what are traits of arthropoda?

Answer 22

segmented body
exoskeleton
jointed limbs
e.g. insects spiders crustaceans

Question 23

what are traits of porifora?

Answer 23

sessile (stuck to the bottom)
no digestive tract
no muscles or bone or organs
e..g. sponges

Question 24

what are traits of chordata?

Answer 24

have a notochord,
most have a backbone
e.g. fish and humans

Question 25

what are traits of fish?

Answer 25

Aquatic
use gills to absorb oxygen
hvae skulls made from bone/cartilage
most have jaw and teeth
no finger bones in the fins
e.e. sharks, goldfish

Question 26

what are traits of amphibians?

Answer 26

larval from is aquatic and has gills
adults form breaths with lungs
most have four legs
eggs lack a membrane around the embryo
ectothermic (cold blooded)
e.e. Frogs, Salamanders

Question 27

what are traits of reptiles.

Answer 27

produce amniote eggs (have a membrance around embryo)
ectothermic
have scales
e.g. snakes, lizards, turtles, alligators

Question 28

what are traits of birds?

Answer 28

produce amniote eggs with hard shells
two legs
wings
hollow bones
beak
no teeth
fast heart rate and metabolism
e.e. flamingo, hummingbird

Question 29

what are traits of mammals?

Answer 29

amniote eggs (no shell)
hair/fur
mammary glands to produce milk for nursing
endothermic (warm blooded
most have 4 legs
e.g. rabbits, hippopotamus