5.2

Question 1

What is natural selection?

Answer 1

The process through which evolution occurs

Question 2

What are the difference in variation between sexual reproducers and asexual reproducers?

Answer 2

Sexual: lots of variation
Asexual: little variation

Question 3

Why is genetic variation beneficial?

Answer 3

If something in the environment changes then there is a chance that they will be individuals with trait that help them survive.

Question 4

What is eugenics?

Answer 4

Controlling human breeding to improve the population by favouring certain characteristics

Question 5

What is needed for evolution to occur?

Answer 5

Variation in the population

Question 6

What can cause variation?

Answer 6

Mutation
Meiosis
Sexual reproduction

Question 7

If the mutation an advantageous what will occur?

Answer 7

The mutation will be passed down and become more common

Question 8

Why do mutations have a smaller effect than sexual reproduction?

Answer 8

Big in each generation, only a few jeans, mutate, and only a few of those even produce an effect that makes a difference? Is

Question 9

What causes variation in meiosis?

Answer 9

Crossing over of homologous chromosomes during prophase 1
Ransom orientation of chromosomes during metaphase 1 and 2

Question 10

Why are sexual reproducers at an advantage?

Answer 10

Because genetic variety makes it more likely that an environment change won’t kill the entire population

Question 11

What is adaption?

Answer 11

Adaptation is a heritable trait that gives an individual an advantage in its environment (not acquired)

Question 12

What is the meaning of fitness?

Answer 12

The degree to which an organism inherited traits help it survive and reproduce in its environment

Question 13

What is the reason for overproduction of offspring?

Answer 13

The more offspring produced the greater the change that one or more will survive to reproduce age

Question 14

What does producing off spring require a lot of?

Answer 14

Metabolic energy

Question 15

What is a consequence of overproduction of offspring?

Answer 15

Creates a struggle for survival: a high demand for water, space, nutrients and other resources give an advantage to their who are most fit for that environment

Question 16

What are the steps of evolution by natural selection?

Answer 16

1. Overproduction of offspring (that are genetically varied)
2. Individuals with genetic traits that are poorly adapted for the environment have less of a chance of surviving
3. Individuals with genetic traits that are we,k adapted to the environment have a better change of surviving
4. Successful, more fit organisms have a better chance of reproducing and passing on their successful traits to the next generation
5. Over many generations the accumulation of changes in the heritable characteristics of a population result in evolution and the gene pool has changed