5.2 words Flashcards
Declaration of Independence
Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries, listed grievances the colonies had with Great Britain and declared themselves as an independent
Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite
liberty, equality, brotherhood
Philosophes
Writers during the Enlightenment period who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics economics, and social issues
bastille
Medieval fortress that was converted to prison stormed by peasants for ammunition during the early stages of the French Revolution
Declaration of the Rights of Man
Adopted August 26, 1789, created by the National Assembly declaring basic human rights
Reign of Terror
(1793-94) during the french revolution when thousands were executed as opponents of the revolution for “disloyalty”
Haiti
Port-au-Prince; French colony on the island of St. Domingue
Maroons
Runaway African Slaves
ToussaintL’Ouverture
Important leader of the haitian revolution and the first leader of free haiti; in a long struggle again the institution of slavery, he led the blacks to victory over the whites and free coloreds and secured native control over the colony in 1797, calling himself a dictator
Creoles
Descendants of Europeans but born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, and economic status
Mestizos
people of Native American and European descent
Peninsulares
people living in the new world, but born in Spain or England
Mulattoes
People of African and either European or indigenous ancestry
Simon Bolivar
Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule; outlined his goals and concerns for Latin America in his “Jamaica Letter”
Lola Rodriguez de Tio
Puerto Rican who wrote patriotic poems that supported Cuban independence
Propaganda Movement
Revolutionary group in the Philippines led by Jose Rizal; distributed magazines, pamphlets, and other publications that agitated for greater autonomy for the Filipino people from Spain
Italian peninsula
A long peninsula in Southern European which Italy is located
Realpolitik
Political realism or practical politics, especially policy based on power rather than ideals
Giusseppe Mazzini
“the soul” of italian unification; carbonari that created young italy in 1831; agitated for Risorgimento
Risorgimento
“Renewal, to be born”; movement in italy to recreate a strong unified italian nation-state
Giusseppe Garibaldi
“the sword” of italian unification; italian general that gathered nationalistic volunteers and formed red shirts to fight against the austrians and italian monarchs that did not want the italian states to unify
Otto von Bismarck
Prime minister of Prussian that intentionally provoked three wars to provide the people with the sense of nationalism; used realpolitik and “blood an iron” to form German unification
Ottomanism
an ideology that was developed by the ottoman government in order to strengthen their subjects loyalty an create a more modern and unified state; sought to minimize ethnic, linguistic, an religious across the empire; conversely intensified people’s desire for independence
immagration
the movement of people into a country or region, from another country or region
