5.1 quiz Flashcards
What was the enlightenment?
the shift from traditional values to knowledge and reason and individualism over community values
3 ideals of enlightenment
freedom
individualism
self determination
- incident in France where a Jewish captain was tried and falsely convicted of treason against the french government
- illustrated a widespread of anti-antisemitism in France
Dreyus Affair
A belief in traditional institutions
favors reliance on practical experience over ideological theories such as that of human perfectibility.
resisted the enlightenment
Conservatism
Austrian journalist and Zionist
formed the world Zionist organization in 1897
promoted Jewish migration to Palestine and formation of a Jew state
Theodor Herzl
A system of public or direct worker ownership in the means of production such as the mills to make cloth or machinery and land needed to mine coal
Socialism
An agreement between the people and the government, signifying their consent to be governed
Social Contract
Socialist group that promoted change through legal means
Fabian Society
Utopian socialist who believed in harmonious communities. identified 810 passion that stated that workers would benefit from an be less tired
Charles Fouier
John Locke’s concept of the mind as a “blank slate”, waiting to be filed with knowledge
emphasized the impact of environment and education which was radicalized at the time
Tabula Rasa
Advocated for civil liberties, particularly freedom of religion, Judaical reforms and freedom of speech
Wrote the candidate
Francois Voltaire
Wrote about the need for separation of powers and the need for checks and balances within the government
wrote the spirit of laws
Baron Montesquieu
economic and political system where the countries trade and industry are controlled by profit rather than the state
Capitalism
Expanded on the idea of the social contract presented the concept of the general world population, and obliged a sovereign to carry out the general will
Wrote Social Contract
Jean Jacques Rousseau
wrote common sense
seeking to convince colonists to revolt against great Britain
deist who wrote against the church
Thomas Paine
Belief that knowledge came from sensed experience, including what you observe through your experience, including experiments
Empiricism
A strong feeling of pride and devotion in one country
Nationalism
A movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine
Zionism
Movement to end the Atlantic slave trade, and free all enslaved people
Abolitionism
Hostility or prejudice against jews
anti-semitism
English writer and early feminist who denied male supremacy and advocated for equal access to education for all women
Wrote A Vindication of Writes of Woman
Mary Woolstonecraft
Theorists in the 19th century who favored equality and social and economic conditions and wished to replace private property and competition with collective ownership and cooperation
Utopian Socialists
English philosopher who advocated for the idea of the social contract where government powers are derived form the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people
said that people have natural right to life, liberty and property
John Locke
Religion of enlightenment followers believed that god had existed and created the world, but other worlds, he left it to run by its own natural laws, denied that god had influenced man or had any means to life
Deism
A belief in natural rights, constitutional government, laissez-faire economics, reduced spending on armies and established churches
supporters were usually professional writers or academics
supported broadening of the male suffrage
Classic Liberalism
French phrase for leave alone
the idea that government should play as minimal of a role as possible in economic affairs
belief that if businesses and consumers make their own economic decisions in their own interests then their invisible hand of the market will benefit them and make good decisions for society
Lassiez-faire
Scottish economist who responded to mercantilism by creating freer trade
advocated for a government that received their intervention for economic decisions
wrote wealth of nations; a precursor of modern day capitalism
Adam Smith
Utopian socialist and wealthy mill owner who created ideal industrial communities at new lanark, Scotland, and new harmony, india
believed in education for his children, commercial ownership of property and community rules to govern work, education and leisure time
Robert Ownes
Utopian socialist who wanted a society where people would work together to create an efficient and beautiful place to work that would produce useful things to society
advocated for public works that would provide employment
stressed industry, science and providing for the poor
Henri de saint simons
Thinker of the enlightenment, wanted to educate the socially elite, not the masses
werent allowed to openly criticize church or staet. so used satire and double meaning in their writings to avoid being banned\
Saloons were held by the wealthy wommen who also made sure that the philosopes were safe
considered themselves apart of an intellectual community an wrote back and fourth to each other to share ideas
philosophies
belived that people in charge should be paid
believed slavery was morally wrong
Ben frank
believes indivisual should be protectedby government
education for everyone
gov shuld not hold absoulute power
tom jeff
father hidalgo
freed mexicans from forgirn rule
questioned church policies
belives that power in gov needs to be divided
emphasis on the importance of science and reason
simon bolivar
