Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPR II Exam III > (5.2) Comprehensive Clinical Review (Fever) [Tyler] > Flashcards

(5.2) Comprehensive Clinical Review (Fever) [Tyler] Flashcards

1
Q

Fever is a rise in body temperature in response to ______

A

Endogenous cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fever is controlled by the _____ area of the hypothalamus

A

Preoptic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What cytokines act on the thermoregulatory portion of the hypothalamus?

A

Endogenous Pyrogens (IL-1, TNF, interferon alpha)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common cause of fever in hospitals?

A

Community-acquired infection (51%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the most common cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO)?

A

Infection (tuberculosis, intra-abdominal abscess)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why do night sweats occur?

A

Exaggeration of normal circadian temperature rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for fever of unknown origin (FUO)?

A

Fever >101 F

Illness >3 weeks

No known immunocompromised state

Dx remains uncertain even after thorough hx of lab workup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When would you give antibiotics for fever of unknown origin?

A

If sepsis or toxicity is apparent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What demographics represent the highest risk group for fever of unknown origin?

A

>65 yo

Chronic disease

Usually have bacterial infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Alarm sx for fever?

A

Fever >105 F

Rash

Change in mental status/level of sensorium

Dizziness/lightheadedness

Recent chemotherapy

SOA/chest pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Alarm sx for fever:

Considerations for fever >105 F?

A

CNS infection

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)

Heat stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Alarm sx for fever:

Considerations for rash?

A

Meningitis

Bacteremia w/ septic shock

Rickettsial disease

Bacterial endocarditis

Benign causes - viral exanthem, drug fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Alarm sx for fever:

Considerations for change in mental status/level of sensorium?

A

Meningitis

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

Heat shock

Encephalitis

Bacterial infections with septic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Alarm sx for fever:

Considerations for dizziness, lightheadedness?

A

Bacterial infection with septic shock

Adrenal insufficiency

PE

benign - viral infection with labyrinthitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Alarm sx for fever:

Considerations for recent chemotherapy?

A

Nosocomial infection with neutropenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Alarm sx for fever:

Considerations for SOA and chest pain?

A

PE

Pneumonia

Empyema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Malarial infection may have what fever patterns?

A

Teritan (48 hours)

Quartan (72 hours)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Diurnal fever has what fever pattern?

A

Fever b/w 4pm and midnight

19
Q

Gram - rod sepsis and CNS infections may have what fever pattern?

A

Sustained fever

20
Q

What are the major criteria for diagnosing endocarditis?

A

Positive blood culture for 2 separate cultures

Transesophageal echocardiography positive

Persistently positive blood culture result

21
Q

What is the most common cause of systolic heart failure?

A

CAD

Associated with LV dilatation

22
Q

What is the most common cause of diastolic heart failure?

A

HTN

Associated with LVH

23
Q

What diagnostic studies would you get for heart failure?

A

Natiuretic peptide

Echocardiography

CXR

24
Q

What is the most common way of diagnosing myocarditis?

A

Echocardiogrpahy (most convenient)

25
Q

What might you see on an EKG for myocarditis?

A

Sinus tachycardia

Q waves or LBBB

Ventricular ectopy - may be the only finding

26
Q

What are the most common symptoms presenting in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (wegener’s)?

A

Upper/Lower respiratory sx

Renal insufficiency

Skin lesions

Visual disturbance

27
Q

Pulmonary embolism is the 3rd leading cause of death in ______ patients

A

Hospitalized

28
Q

What organism is responsible for the highest case-fatality rate of all rickettsial diseases?

A

R. Rickettsii - Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

29
Q

What is the most common vector-borne illness in the US?

A

Lyme disease

30
Q

What is the difference between hyperthermia and fever/

A

Fever is due to endogenous pyrogen

Hyperthermia is due to inability of body to dissipate heat

31
Q

Most cases of temperatures higher than ____ are considered to hyperthermia.

A

105.8 F

32
Q

What malignancies are associated with fever?

A

Lymphoma

Leukemia

Renal cell cell carcinoma

Metastatic liver CA

33
Q

Pt presents with high fever. After lab studies and examination return negative, they mention that they’ve recently been prescribed a new medication. What diagnosis is now included in your Ddx? What should you do next?

A

Drug fever

Remove new drug

34
Q

Why might chills not be a benign sx in fever?

A

Chills may increase risk of bacteremia due to shaking

35
Q

What are the malignancies most commonly associated with FUO?

A

Hodgkin’s disease

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

36
Q

What inflammatory Ddx must be considered in a patient with a fever?

A

Giant cell arteritis

Inflammatory Bowel disease

SLE

Polyarteritis nodosa

Wegener’s granulomatosis

Rheumatic fever

37
Q

What heart sound may be heard with systolic HF?

A

S3

38
Q

What heart sound may be heard with diastolic heart failure?

A

S4

39
Q

What cardiac enzymes might be elevated in myocarditis?

A

Troponin I

CK-MB only elevated in 10%

40
Q

What 4 sx may be indicative of a PE?

A

Syncope

Dyspnea

Chest pain

Hemoptysis

41
Q

What characterizes stage 1 of Lyme disease?

A

Central erythema

Induration

Necrosis

Vesicular changes

42
Q

What characterizes stage 2 of Lyme disease?

A

Neuro deficits

Annular skin lesions

Severe HA

Stiff neck

Migratory arthralgia

Fever/Chills

43
Q

What characterizes stage 3 of Lyme disease?

A

Arthritis

Chronic CNS problems

Acrodermititis chronica atrophicans

CPR II Exam III (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions