5.2 Biomolecules Flashcards
carbohydrates have the elements
C, H, O
monosaccharides are
the monomers of carbohydrates
carbohydrates have the functional group
hydroxyl
basic shape of carbohydrate
ring
carbohydrate polymer is called
polysaccharide
carbohydrates are the primary
source of energy
carbohydrates store
sugars
carbohydrates help make up cell
walls
examples of carbohydrate
sugar, starch, glycogen, cellulose
lipids have the elements
C, H, O with more C and H
lipids have monomers called
fatty acids
lipids have this functional group
carboxyl
basic shape of lipids
linear
polymers of lipids are called
triglycerides and phospholipids
lipids are a long-term
storage unit
lipids provide insulation and
protection for organs
lipids help form the cell
membrane
lipids help produce
steriodse
examples of lipids
triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, and cholesterol
proteins have the elements
C, H, O, N and sometimes S
proteins have monomers called
amino acids
proteins have functional groups of
carboxyl, amino
basic shape of proteins
branched
the polymers of proteins are called
polypeptides
proteins help catalyze
chemical reactions
proteins are messengers that switch cell
processes on and off
proteins give cells their
shape
proteins recognize and attack
foreign cells
examples of proteins
enzymes, hormones, antibodies, structural proteins
nucleic acids are made of these elements
C, H, O, N, P
nucleic acids are made of monomers called
nucleotides
nucleic acids have these functional groups
phosphate, hydroxyls, amino
nucleic acids basic shape is
a combination
nucleic acids carry genetic
insturctions for development and functioning of organisms
nucleic acids assist in protein
synthesis
double helix
ATGC
Found in nucleus
DNA
single strand
AUGC
found everywhere
RNA
Adenine pairs with
Thymine or uracil
cytosine pairs with
Guamine (or however you spell that)
