5.2 Flashcards
what cells cause insulinoma
beta cells
what inherited disease in insulinoma associated with
MEN1
what is whipples triad associated with
insulinoma
what is whipples triad
episodic hypoglycemia
decreased glucose <40-50
improvement with glucose within 15 min
diagnosis of insulinoma
after 72 hour fast
decreased glucose < 45
increased insulin
increased C peptide
increased proinsulin
decreased beta-hydroxybutyrate
what cells cause glucagonoma
alpha cells
where does glucagonoma commonly metastasize
liver (hepatic mets)
5 D’s associated with glucagonoma
decreased weight
DM
diarrhea
depression
dermatitis (necrolytic migratory erythema)
what is the most common presenting symptom of patients w glucagonoma
weight loss
how to diagnose glucagonoma
> 500 blood glucose
what inherited disease in glucagonoma associated with
MEN1
what is another characteristic lab finding in glucagonoma
hyperaminoacidemia
treatment for glucagonoma
surgery if no mets
there are usually mets – so somatostatin analogs
another very important and common symptom in glucagonoma
DVT, PE
MEN1
3 P’s
pituitary
parathyroid
pancreas
what gene is defected in MEN1
menin gene
characteristics of MEN2
medullary thyroid carcinoma
pheochromocytoma
hyperparathyroidism
Hirschsprung
characteristics of MEN3
medullary thyroid carcinoma
pheochromocytoma
neuromas
marfanoid habitus
what should you do for MEN2
prophylactic thyroidectomy
at what osmolality is HHS resolved
< 315 osmolality
able to eat
what is the MC cause of ESRD in US
DM
what type of vision loss do we see in glaucoma
peripheral vision loss
is open angle glaucoma painful or painless
painless
what will you see on PE for acquired cataracts
absent red reflex
opaque lens
fasting plasma glucose and hospitalized patients
fasting plasma glucose should not be used to diagnose DM in hospitalized patients
what is characteristic of symmetric polyneuropathy / diabetic neuropathy
stocking glove pattern
goal for preprandial glucose levels
70-130
goal for peak postprandial glucose levels
< 180
what do you need to check within one month of starting ACE/ARB
BUN/creatinine
fasting plasma glucose level to diagnose DM
> /= 126
fasting plasma glucose level for prediabets
100-125
fasting plasma glucose level for normal
< 100
glucose level to diagnose DM for oral glucose tolerance test
> /= 200
glucose level for prediabetes for oral glucose tolerance test
140-199
normal glucose level for oral glucose tolerance test
< 140
A1C to diagnose DM
> /= 6.5
A1C for prediabetes
5.7-6.4
A1C for normal
< 5.7
