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Unit 5 things I can't remember > 5.1 > Flashcards

5.1 Flashcards

1
Q

what score is used to diagnose hirsutism

A

ferriman-gallwey (>8)

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2
Q

btwn LH and FSH, which is higher in PCOS

A

LH (3:1)

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3
Q

what will you see on PE for PCOS

A

bilateral enlarged smooth and mobile ovaries

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4
Q

what criteria is used to diagnose PCOS

A

Rotterdam criteria (2 out of 3)

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5
Q

what are the Rotterdam criteria

A

Hyperandrogenism
Oligomenorrhea/Amenorrhea
Cysts on US

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6
Q

are prolactinomas usually benign or malignant

A

benign

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7
Q

MC pituitary adenoma

A

prolactinoma

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8
Q

prolactinomas are associated with what inherited disease

A

MEN1

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9
Q

what inhibits prolactin release

A

dopamine

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10
Q

effects of prolactinoma on growth

A

acromegaly in adults
gigantism in kids

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11
Q

common prolactinoma sx in women

A

galactorrhea
amenorrhea/oligorrhea
decreased vaginal lubrication

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12
Q

local compression from prolactinoma can cause

A

visual changes (bitemporal hemianopsia)
headache

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13
Q

FSH and LH in prolactinoma

A

decreased

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14
Q

what imaging for prolactinoma

A

MRI

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15
Q

tx for prolactinoma

A

dopamine agonists (Bromocriptine, Cabergoline)

Transsphenoidal surgery

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16
Q

what is a good marker for progress in ovarian CA

A

CA125

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17
Q

what type of ovarian cyst is low risk for CA

A

fluid filled, anechoic

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18
Q

what type of ovarian cyst is high risk for CA

A

nodular, solid

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19
Q

closed comedomes

A

whiteheads

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20
Q

open comedomes

A

blackheads

21
Q

what gland is NOT affected in Sheehan’s syndrome

A

posterior pituitary

only one that is affected in anterior pituitary

22
Q

common sx of Sheehan’s

A

agalactorrhea
amenorrhea
hypoTN
tachycardia
hyponatremia

23
Q

what will you see on MRI for sheehan

A

pituitary ring sign

24
Q

primary adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison’s dz)

A

decreased cortisol
decreased aldosterone
elevated ACTH

25
Q

tx for primary adrenocortical insufficiency

A

glucocorticoids
mineralocorticoids can be added ONLY for primary (bc we have decreased aldosterone only in primary)

26
Q

secondary adrenocortical insufficinecy (issue w pituitary)

A

decreased cortisol
intact aldosterone
decreased ACTH

27
Q

deficiency in aldosterone (most prominent in primary adrenocortical insufficiency) most commonly leads to

A

orthostatic hypoTN

28
Q

MC cause of addisonian crisis

A

rapid withdrawal of glucocorticoids

29
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

excess cortisol (main)

30
Q

high dose Dexamethasone suprpession test (Cushings) for Cushing’s disease (pituitary adenoma –> ACTH)

A

increased ACTH + suppression of cortisol with high-dose dexamethasone

31
Q

high dose Dexamethasone suprpession test (Cushings) for ectopic tumor (like small cell lung CA producing ACTH)

A

increased ACTH + no suppression of cortisol with high dose

32
Q

high dose Dexamethasone suppression test (Cushing’s) for adrenal tumor

A

decreased ACTH + increased cortisol/no suppression of cortisol

33
Q

tx for cushings

A

corticoid steroid TAPER

34
Q

if we have hypotension with adrenocortical insufficiency, what will we have with Cushing’s syndrome

A

HTN

35
Q

ATP 3 criteria (3 of the following) for metabolic syndrome

A

HDL < 40 in men; < 50 in women
Increased BP >/= 135 S or >/=85 D or drug tx
Increased TG >/=150 or tx
Increased fasting blood sugar >/= 100 or tx
Increased waist circumference 40 in men and 35 in women (inches)

36
Q

what rash is associated w celiac disease

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

37
Q

everyone w PCOS should be tested for

A

NCAH

38
Q

17-hydroxyprogesterone measurements for NCAH

A

> 1000 – likely
< 200 – unlikely (rule out)

39
Q

what type of amenorrhea do people with anorexia have

A

hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

40
Q

Turner’s syndrome - primary labs

A

low estrogen
high FSH, high LH

41
Q

Klinefelter’s syndrome - primary labs

A

low testosterone
high FSH, high LH

42
Q

first line for ovulation induction in PCOS

A

Letrozole

can also do Clomiphene

43
Q

testosterone levels for when to suspect adrenal secreting tumor

A

> 150

44
Q

A1C levels for normal, pre diabetes, diabetes

A

normal < 5.7
pre diabetes 5.7-6.4
diabetes > 6.5

45
Q

A PCOS phenotype

A

full; amenorrhea/oligorrhea, hyperandrogens, cysts

46
Q

B PCOS phenotype

A

classic
amenorrhea/oligorrhea, hyperandrogens

47
Q

C PCOS phenotype

A

hyperandrogens and cysts

48
Q

D PCOS phenotype

A

cysts and oligo/amenorrhea

49
Q

BMI index

A

< 18.5 underweight
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
30-34.9 obese
> 35 morbidly obese

Unit 5 things I can't remember (3 decks)

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