5.1.3 Acids, Bases and Buffers Flashcards
what is an acid
proton donors
what is a base
proton acceptors
what is a conjugate base
the base formed after the acid loses its proton
what is a conjugate acid
the acid formed after a proton is gained
what is a strong acid
when the H+ ions completely dissociate
what is a weak acid
when the H+ ions slightly dissociate
what is amphoteric
when a substance can act as both an acid and a base
why is water an ampholyte
it can accept or donate a proton
give examples of a strong acid
HCl, H2SO4, HNO3
give examples of a weak acid
CH3COOH, H2CO3
give examples of a strong base
NaOH, KOH
give examples of a weak base
NH3
describe equilibrium in strong acids and bases
equilibrium lies to the right as most of the acid molecules have dissociated the solution is a strong electrical conductor
describe equilibrium in weak acids and bases
equilibrium lies to the left hand side as most of the acid molecules do not dissociate and the solution is a weak electrical conductor
pH=
-log[H+]