510-05 Oral Cavity Epithelia Flashcards
What are the functions of the oral cavity?
1) nutrient ingestion and initial digestion
- eating, drinking, chewing, sucking, swallowing
- taste
- production of saliva
2) communication
- speech, singing
- facial expressions
3) immunological responses
- reactions of lymphoid tissues
What are the 3 basic types of mucosa?
masticatory, lining, and specialized
What kind of tissue is found in hypodermis?
adipose tissue
Which of the skin layers contains the largest blood vessels?
hypodermis
What are the 2 types of sweat glands?
apocrine and eccrine
The epidermis is a ____ _____ ____ epithelium
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
What determines the thickness of the epithelium?
the number of layers of keratinocytes and the presence or absence of hair
(T/F) Thick skin has hair and is found everywhere in the body
False, thick skin has no hair and is only found on palms and soles. Thin skin has hair and covers the rest of the body
What are the most abundant cells of the epithelium in the epidermis?
keratinocytes
What are the pigment cells in the basal layer of the epithelium?
melanocytes
What are the bone marrow-derived cells in the epidermis that can migrate into the dermis to present antigens to T lymphocytes?
Langerhans/dendritic cells
Which epidermal cells act as a sensitive mechanoreceptor (important for sensitivity)?
Merkel’s/tactile cells
The stratum lucidum is a transition layer between the stratum ___ and the stratum ___. Where is it best seen?
granulosum, corneum. Palms and soles
What is the muscle that surrounds the lips? What bones does it attach to?
orbicularis oris. No bones, inserts into itself.
Does the vermillion border have hair or glands?
no
The nerve endings in the vermillion zone of the lip are surrounded by nerve corpuscles called ___ ___.
Meissner’s corpuscles
Is the epithelium of the vermillion zone keratinized?
yes
Does the vermillion zone have salivary glands? Sebaceous glands?
no salivary glands. Has a few sebaceous glands
Which part of the lip has thick, stratified nonkeratinized or parakeratinized squamous epithelium?
oral mucosa
In parakeratinized squamous epithelium, there are some dead surface cells, but most surface cells have ____ (dark and shrunken) nuclei.
pyknotic
What are the general layers of the digestive tract?
1) mucosa
2) submucosa
3) muscularis externa
4) adventitia or serosa
Which layer of the digestive tract is loose connective tissue with vessels, nerves, and glands?
submucosa
Describe the inner and outer layers of the muscularis externa
1) inner circular layer of smooth muscle
2) outer loingitudinal layer of smooth muscle
Oral epithelium is an avascular layer of cells resting on a basal lamina of type ___ collagen
IV
What kind of epithelial tissue makes up oral epithelium?
stratified squamous epithelium
(T/F) Cells of the oral epithelium are mostly melanocytes
FALSE, they are mostly keratinocytes
Lamina propria in the oral mucosa is equivalent to which layer of the skin?
dermis
In lamina propria of the oral mucosa, connective tissue papillae interdigitate with ridges of epithelial cells called ____ ridges
rete
Is the density of connective tissue fibers higher or lower where the oral mucosa is less mobile?
higher
What kinds of cells are found in the lamina propria of the oral mucosa?
fibroblasts, nerve fibers, and inflammatory cells
What kind of glands may be present in the upper lip and buccal mucosa in most adults?
sebaceous
Describe the muscularis mucosae of the oral mucosa.
The oral mucosa has NO muscalaris mucosae
The submucosa is the connective tissue below the ___ ____
lamina propria
What are the three types of oral cavity mucosa?
Lining mucosa, masticatory mucosa, and specialized mucosa
Which type of oral cavity mucosa is found in the alveolar mucosa, labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth, inferior surface of the tongue and the soft palate?
lining mucosa
Which type of oral cavity mucosa is found in the gingiva and hard palate?
masticatory mucosa
Which type of oral cavity mucosa is found on the dorsal surface of the tongue?
specialized mucosa
What kinds of structures does lining mucosa cover?
skeletal muscle, bone, and glands
What type of epithelium is lining mucosa?
nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Masticatory Mucosa is firmly fixed to underlying bone by dense ____ tissue
connective
In masticatory mucosa, the keratinocytes are differentiated into what 4 layers of cells that are similar to thin skin? (name them in order from base layer to surface layer)
- stratum basale
- stratum spinosum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum corneum
mnemonic: Bill Sends Grandma Cash
In the stratum basale layer of masticatory mucosa, what kind of junctions attach cells to lamina propria?
hemidesmosomes
In the stratum spinosum layer of masticatory mucosa, what kind of junctions anchors cells to other cells?
desmosomes
In the stratum granulosum layer of masticatory mucosa, cells are filled with what kind of granules?
keratin
In the stratum corneum layer of masticatory mucosa, are the keratinized cells permeable or impermeable?
They are relatively impermeable
What kind of epithelium tissue makes up masticatory mucosa?
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and in some areas parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
In masticatory mucosa, what structures interdigitate deeply with the underlying connective tissue? What does this accomplish?
rete ridges. Anchors the mucosa and protects it from shearing stress
What causes epithelial cells to exhibit differentiation?
different levels of keratinization
In parakeratinized epithelium, the nuclei are described as ____
pyknotic
Clusters of yellowish sebaceous glands in the oral mucosa are called ____ ____
Fordyce’s granules
What are Fordyce’s granules?
clusters of yellowish sebaceous glands in the oral mucosa
