5.1 Part 1-3 Flashcards
What are Autotrophs?
living things that make their own food from light or chemical energy and are called autotrophs
What are Heterotrophs?
living things that cannot make their own food and must get energy by feeding on other organisms and are call heterotrophs
The chemical reactions to get and use energy are called what?
metabolism
the basic unit of life. Living things can be made of one or many of this.
Cells
made of cells with common structure and function.
Tissue
a collection of similar tissues working together to perform a specific life function.
Organ
two or more organs working together to perform a major life function.
Organ Systems
all the organ systems that work together to create a multi-cellular organism
Organism
A group of the same species, in the same place, at the same time
Population
A group of interacting populations in the same area at the same time.
Community
Groups of interacting communities that are all experiencing common abiotic factors.
Ecosystem
The entire part of the planet that can support life.
Biosphere
Name the 9 hierarchy of life
Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms Population Community Ecosystem Biosphere
What is classification?
The process of grouping things based on similarities.
Who is considered the Father of Taxonomy.
Carolus Linnaeus (1707 – 1778)
What is taxonomy?
Taxonomy is the science of classification of living things. There were originally only two Kingdoms in his system: Plantae and Animalia.
Linnaeus’ system uses what? HINT: This term means “Two name Naming system”.
Binomial Nomenclature.
What are The Rules of Binomial Nomenclature?
The Genus name is written first and has a capitalized first letter; contains similar, closely related organisms.
The species name is written second and is not capitalized.
The scientific name is written in Latin and italicized if printed, underlined if handwritten.
Why is Latin used as the scientific names?
Latin is used because Latin is considered a “dead” language. Therefore, the meaning of words will NOT change over time.
What is often describes a characteristic?
Species
Define species
A species is a group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.
What is the lest specific taxon?
Domain
include similar Phyla (singular: phylum) or Divisions (if plants).
Kingdoms
What is the 1870’s classification system and what does it consist of?
Five Kingdom system- Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera (prokaryotes, organisms without a nucleus)
What is the 1990’s classification system and what does it consist of?
Six Kingdom system – Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria (prokaryotes divided into two kingdoms based on differences in structure, biochemistry and physiology)
What is the six kingdom system in order?
Phyla/Divisions Classes Order Family Genus Species
What is the mnemonic device used to remember this (the 6 species)
Dominating King Phillip Came Over For Green Salad.
Name 7 characteristics of living things.
All living things are made of cells
Living things have different levels of complexity
Living things get energy from their environment
Living things respond & adapt to their environment
All living things grow and develop
All living things reproduce
All living things need food, water, living space, and to maintain stable internal conditions to survive
