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GCSE Computer science > 5.1: networks > Flashcards

5.1: networks Flashcards

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1
Q

network

A

a group of devices connected together so they can communicate with each other and share resources

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2
Q

communication systems examples

A
  • text (SMS) message
  • email
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3
Q

central backup procedures

A
  • A network allows data to be backed up centrally
  • Networks allow important systems to be mirrored so that there is always a duplicate system with a copy of the live data
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4
Q

advantages of a network

A
  • The ability to share expensive hardware devices between multiple users
  • The ability to share files
  • The ability to have multi-user systems
  • The ability for the organisation to track what users are doing
  • The ability to back up files centrally
  • The ability to deploy and upgrade software centrally
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5
Q

disadvantages of a network

A
  • Extra hardware costs (cabling and connection devices)
  • The cost of having to have employ someone to look after the network
  • Greater security risks
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6
Q

types of networks

A
  • personal area network (PAN)
  • local area network (LAN)
  • wide are network (WAN)
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7
Q

personal area network

A
  • PAN
  • connected devices that are located within a few metres of each other
  • example: bluetooth
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8
Q

local area network

A
  • LAN
  • a single network that is located in a small geographical area such as someone’s home, an office, or to cover a school site
  • examples: network at home or school
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9
Q

wide area network

A
  • WAN
  • a network that connects two or more networks over a wider geographical area
  • example: bank contacting all of its machines across the country
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10
Q

server

A
  • a program on a computer that shares resources with, or provides services to, any authorised client
  • usually work 24/7
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11
Q

types of servers

A
  • file
  • web
  • email
  • database
  • print
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12
Q

client

A
  • A client sends a request to the server and the server processes the request and then sends a response
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13
Q

peer-to-peer network

A
  • no central servers
  • peers communicate directly with each other.
  • example: sharing files
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14
Q

comparing peer-to-peer and client-server

A
  • setup cost peer-to-peer is cheaper as no additional hardware required
  • security client to server is more secure as it can be easier to monitor
  • backups in client to server files are stored on servers so its easier to make sure files are backed up
  • points of failure in client to server if the server fails many users will be affected whereas in peer-to-peer it has less impact
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15
Q

wired networks

A

a range of devices that are connected through a network Switch by a UTP cable

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16
Q

wireless networks

A

based around a central communications device
called a wireless access point (WAP)

17
Q

comparing wired and wireless

A
  • speed wired is faster
  • security wired is more secure as as cables are harder to intercept
  • range wired has an infitite range and wireless only has a range of 50m
  • setup wireless is easier to setup as devices can be wherever and there are no cables
  • cost wired networks are more expensive as hardware and cables are needed
18
Q

bit rate

A

the measure of the amount of data (in bits) that is transferred per second

19
Q

HTTP

A
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol
  • application
  • Used to make a request for a webpage
20
Q

HTTPS

A
  • Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
  • application
  • Sends an encrypted request for a webpage
21
Q

FTP

A
  • File Transfer Protocol
  • application
  • Used to upload or download a file
22
Q

SMTP

A
  • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
  • application
  • Used to send an email to an email server
23
Q

POP

A
  • Post Office Protocol
  • application
  • Used to request any new emails for a specific email account
24
Q

IMAP

A
  • Internet Message Access Protocol
  • application
  • Used to synchronise a client email account with an account on a mail server which allows a user to use multiple devices to access their email account
25
Q

DHCP

A
  • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • application
  • Used to assign IP addresses and other configuration options to devices in a network
26
Q

TCP

A
  • Transmission Control Protocol
  • transport
  • When data is to be sent the data is split into packets and each packet is given a sequence number. This is a reliable transmission protocol. At the receiving end, the packets are checked. If any packets go missing, they will be resent
27
Q

UDP

A
  • User Datagram Protocol
  • transport
  • Data is split into packets (as with TCP). UDP is suitable where data does not have to be 100% accurate but speed is important, e.g., with some video streaming services
28
Q

IP

A
  • Internet Protocol
  • network
  • Creates a new packet. Adds the source and destination IP addresses to allow the packet to be delivered.
29
Q

ethernet and wifi protocols

A
  • link
  • Encapsulates the data from the previous layer into frames with a source and destination
30
Q

bus network

A

On a bus network, all computers are connected to a single main cable. Terminators at the end of
the cable stop the signal.

31
Q

bus network advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
* Cheap to install
* Easy to install

Disadvantages:
* One point of failure (the main cable)
* the more devices on the cable the slower performance
* All devices see all the data (security risk)

32
Q

ring network

A

All computers are connected in a circle. Each device is connected to two other devices. Data is
passed around the “ring” until the destination has been found.

33
Q

ring network advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
* Data can be transferred quickly
* No data collision (data only flows in one direction)

Disadvantages:
* If one device or one cable fails, the entire network is down

34
Q

star network

A

All computers have their own link to a central network device (hub or switch).

35
Q

star network advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
* Very reliable (one device or cable fails, the rest of the network is still up)
* No data collision

Disadvantages:
* Expensive (you need a dedicated device + more cables)
* If entral device fails thee whole network goes down

36
Q

mesh network

A

Each computer can connect to other computers.

37
Q

mesh network advantages and disadvantages

A

Advantages:
* Multiple paths between devices

Disadvantages:
* Expensive (a lot of cables)
* Complicated to install

GCSE Computer science (14 decks)

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