4.4: software

Question 1

Operating systems

Answer 1

• manages interactions between msoftware and hardware
• takes responsibility for a range of functions including managing processor time, memory management, inputs/outputs, and security

Question 2

most popular operating systems

Answer 2

• Microsoft Windows
• macOS
• Linux
• Google Android

Question 3

role of operating system

Answer 3

allows applications to interact with the hardware on a computer

Question 4

basic functions of operating system

Answer 4

• Processor management
• Inputs, outputs, and interrupts
• Memory management
• Security

Question 5

task you can perform on files and folders

Answer 5

• Creating
• Renaming
• Moving
• Deleting

Question 6

file management

Answer 6

operating system controls how data is stored and retrieved and
keeps track where files are stored on the secondarty storage device

Question 7

Backing storage management

Answer 7

• refers to any Non-volatile memory storage device
• operating system keeps a directory of where files and programs are stored so that they can be accessed quickly when they are requested and transferred into main memory

Question 8

single processor core

Answer 8

can only carry out 1 process at a time

Question 9

multi tasking

Answer 9

• allows a computer to perform more than 1 task at a time
• multiple cores make multi tasking more efficient

Question 10

device drivers

Answer 10

• a program that controls the operation of a specific type of device that is part of a computer system
• a device driver provides an interface that allows the operating system to interact with the device

Question 11

user interfaces

Answer 11

allow the user to interact with the computer, an operating system provides a user interface (UI)

Question 12

what does CLI stand for

Answer 12

command line interface

Question 13

command line interface

Answer 13

• allows the user to interact with the system by typing in specific commands
• the user enters in text at a command prompt

Question 14

benefit of CLI

Answer 14

• requires a low amount of secondary storage and RAM as there are no graphics
• allows a greater control over the computer system

Question 15

what does GUI stand for

Answer 15

graphical user interface

Question 16

graphical user interface (GUI)

Answer 16

• most common form of operating system
• what you see on your laptop

Question 17

what is GUI made up of

Answer 17

• Windows
• Icons
• Menus
• Pointers (mouse clicks or screen presses)

Question 18

advantages of GUI

Answer 18

• user friendly as they are visual and intuitive to use
• no need to learn specific command terms

Question 19

disadvantages of GUI

Answer 19

requirement for higher capacity of secondary storage and RAM

Question 20

3 areas of utility software

Answer 20

• basic tools
• file management
• security

Question 21

utility software

Answer 21

• sometimes called tools
• Utility software is software that does a useful job for the user
• not essential to the operating system

Question 22

basic tools

Answer 22

• Basic tools include things like a simple text editor (notepad), calculator, command prompt
• usually included as part of the operating system

Question 23

file management tools

Answer 23

includes:
* software to keep your data secure by making a back-up copy of your files in another location
* converting files between different formats
* defragmenter which is used to speed up access to data stored on magnetic hard disk drives
* compress files you don’t use very often

Question 24

security tools

Answer 24

• anti malware programs such as antivirus and anti-spyware software
• firewall which controls connection to a network
• encryption software which makes files unreadable without a password

Question 25

simulation and modeling

Answer 25

Computer science allows us to do experiments that can’t be done in the real world.

Question 26

problems with simulation and modeling

Answer 26

• The model or simulation includes assumptions so it might be wrong
• The real world is too complicated to allow for every possible factor in your model so you have to use abstraction to simplify it

Question 27

system software

Answer 27

• the interface between application software and system
• Low-level languages are used to write it
• maintains the system resources and gives the path for application software to run.
• needed for system to run
• it is a general-purpose software.

Question 28

application software

Answer 28

• type of software that runs as per user request
• It runs on the platform which is provided by system software.
• High-level languages are used to write it
• It’s a specific purpose software.