5.1 Definitions

Question 1

Organism

Answer 1

A living thing.

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

A group of living organisms capable of interbreeding with each other but not with members of other species.

Question 3

Population

Answer 3

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at a particular time.

Question 4

Community

Answer 4

More than one population living in the same area at a particular time.

Question 5

Ecosystem

Answer 5

Communities of organisms that interact with each other and their environment.

Question 6

Ecology

Answer 6

The study of ecosystems.

Question 7

Producer

Answer 7

Organisms at the base of the food chain that doesn’t need to feed on other organisms also known as an autotroph.

Question 8

Decomposers

Answer 8

Organisms that break down organic matter into inorganic materials

Question 9

Photosynthesis

Answer 9

The food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells. The process uses carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun.

Question 10

Autotrophs

Answer 10

See producer.

Question 11

heterotrophs

Answer 11

See consumer

Question 12

Herbivores

Answer 12

Animal that only eats plants.

Question 13

Consumer

Answer 13

Organism that relies on other organisms for its food; also known as a heterotroph.

Question 14

Primary consumer

Answer 14

The first consumer in a food chain; also known as a first-order consumer.

Question 15

Carnivores

Answer 15

An animal that eats other animals.

Question 16

Omnivores

Answer 16

Animal that eats plants and other animals.

Question 17

Detritivores

Answer 17

Animal that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter.

Question 18

Ecological niche

Answer 18

The position of a species or population in its ecosystem in relation to each other.

Question 19

Competition

Answer 19

The struggle among organisms for food, territory and other factors.

Question 20

Parasitism

Answer 20

An interaction in which one species (the parasite) lives in or on another species (the host) from which it obtains food, shelter and other requirements.

Question 21

Competition

Answer 21

The struggle among organisms for food, territory and other factors.

Question 22

Commensalism

Answer 22

Relationship between organisms where one benefits and the other is unaffected.

Question 23

Interspecific competition

Answer 23

Competition between organisms of the same species.

Question 24

Intraspecific competition

Answer 24

Competition between organisms of different species.

Question 25

Interspecific competition

Answer 25

Competition between organisms of the same species.

Question 26

Predator-prey relationship

Answer 26

Relationship between organisms in which one species (the predator) kills and eats another species (the prey).

Question 27

Mutualism

Answer 27

Relationship between organisms where one benefits and the other is unaffected.