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Semester 3- Respiratory > 5.1 Chemical control of Breathing > Flashcards

5.1 Chemical control of Breathing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pCO2 in plasma?

A

4.2 -6.0 kPa

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2
Q

What is the pO2 in plasma?

A

9.8 -14.2 kPa

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3
Q

What is the normal concentration of bicarbonate in plasma?

A

21-29 mmol/L

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4
Q

What is the normal pH range of plasma?

A

7.35 to 7.46

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5
Q

What is a rise in pCO2 called?

A

Hypercapnia

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6
Q

What is a fall in pCO2 called?

A

Hypocapnia

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7
Q

What is a fall in pO2 called?

A

Hypoxia

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8
Q

What is hyperventilation?

A

Increased ventilation without a change in metabolism
pO2 will rise
pCO2 will fall

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9
Q

What is hypoventilation?

A

Decreased ventilation without a change in metabolism
pO2 will fall
pCO2 will rise

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10
Q

What is the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system?

A

The system that allows the concentration of bicarbonate to control the amount of dissolved CO2 in the blood.

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11
Q

What is the condition called which has a rise in plasma pH due to increased ventilation?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

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12
Q

What is the condition called which has a fall in plasma pH due to decreased ventilation?

A

Respiratory acidosis

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13
Q

How is respiratory acidosis compensated for?

A

Extra release of HCO3- from the kidneys

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14
Q

What is metabolic acidosis?

A

A fall in pH due to excessive acid production by tissues. The acid reacts with HCO3- and causes the concentration of HCO3- in the plasma to drop, making the blood more acidic.

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15
Q

What is metabolic alkalosis?

A

The concentration of HCO3- in the blood rises eg. after excessive vomiting. Plasma becomes more alkaline

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16
Q

What do peripheral chemoreceptors detect?

A

Drops in pO2

17
Q

What do peripheral chemoreceptors stimulate if there is a fall in pO2?

A

Increased ventilation

Increased blood flow

18
Q

Where can peripheral chemoreceptors be found?

A

Carotid and aortic bodies

19
Q

Where are central chemoreceptors found?

A

Medulla

20
Q

What do central chemoreceptors detect?

A

Changes in pCO2

pH changes

21
Q

How is CSF HCO3- concentration controlled?

A

Choroid plexus cells

22
Q

What happens to the HCO3- concentration in the CSF if there is a prolonged change in the plasma pH?

A

The choroid plexus cells will alter how much HCO3- can enter the CSF

Semester 3- Respiratory (20 decks)

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