2.2 Lung Mechanics and Ventilation Flashcards
What is keeping the lungs from collapsing?
The pleural seal
What is a pneumothorax?
Air enters the pleural cavity as the pleural seal is broken. The lungs may collapse
What muscles work during inspiration?
Intercostal muscles expand abdominal cavity
Diaphragm contracts and drops
When does forced expiration occur?
Exercise, disease state, obstruction
What is lung compliance?
Stretchiness of the lungs
What condition results in very high lung compliance?
Emphysema
What condition results in low lung compliance?
Fibrosis
Where is surfactant produced?
Type 2 alveolar cells
Why is surfactant important in the alveoli?
Increases the surface tension of large alveoli
Keeps the pressure high so the small alveoli do not collapse
What is Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
Premature babies are born with too little surfactant so have very stiff lungs
Where is the highest resistance in the respiratory tract experienced?
Trachea and bronchi
